海洋环境变化对北太平洋柔鱼耳石形态的影响

海洋环境变化会对海洋生物个体及其组织形态产生影响。本研究根据2012年(PDO冷期厄尔尼诺年)、2015年(PDO暖期拉尼娜年)和2016年(PDO暖期厄尔尼诺年)7-10月我国鱿钓船在北太平洋海域采集的柔鱼样本,分析不同年间、不同性别的耳石形态特征差异,并探究耳石形态对海洋环境变化的响应。结果发现,北太平洋柔鱼不同海洋环境年份、不同性别的耳石形态特征存在显著的差异(P<0.05),PDO冷期厄尔尼诺年(2012年)和PDO暖期厄尔尼诺年(2016年)形态值均大于PDO暖期拉尼娜年(2015年)形态值。主成分分析认为,耳石总长(TSL)、翼区长(WL)、吻侧区长(RLL)可以表征耳石长度特征,耳石宽(MW)、翼区宽(WW)、吻区宽(RW)可以表征耳石宽度特征。通过方差分析发现TSL、WL、RLL、MW与胴长之间存在显著的相关性(P<0.05),且不同海洋环境年份和不同性别均存在显著差异(P<0.05),而WW、RW与胴长之间没有显著的相关性(P>0.05)。结合各月索饵场的海表面温度（sea surface temperature，SST）和叶绿素a浓度（chlorophyll a，Chl.a）分析发现，在适宜范围内，较高的SST和Chl.a浓度对应较大的耳石。

Effects of marine environment variation on the statolith morphology of neon flying squid (Ommastrephes bartramii)in the north Pacific Ocean

Marine variation has a profound impact on the marine organisms and their organization. According to the 356 Ommastrephes bartramii samples collected by Chinese jigging fleets in the north Pacific Ocean from July to October in 2012 (La Ni?a year in PDO cold phase), 2015 (El Ni?o year in PDO warm phase) and 2016 (La Ni?a year in PDO warm phase). In this study, statolith morphometrics of annual and sexual were analyzed, combined with the marine environment variation influenced on the morphological variation of statolith. The results showed that significant difference of morphological variation of statolith were found within years and genders. The values of morphologic parameters of statolith in both cold (2012) and warm (2016) PDO phase of La Ni?a year were lager than that of in El Ni?o year (2015). The result of principal component analysis indicated that total statolith length (TSL), wing length (WL), rostrum lateral dome length (RLL), maximum width (MW), wing width (WW) and rostrum width (RW) could be used as the characteristic parameters of statolith. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that significant correlation was found between TSL, WL, RLL and MW versus mantle length (ML), while no significant correlation was found between WW and RW versus ML within years and genders. According to the SST and Chl. a on the fishing ground, higher SST and Chl. a concentration in suitable range represented larger size of statolith.