凡纳滨对虾繁殖性状的SNP分子标记筛选的初步研究

对虾繁殖性状的相关分子遗传标记一直是甲壳动物中研究极少的部分,为了筛选与凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)繁殖性状(产卵与产卵量)相关的SNP(Single Nucleotide Polymorphism,SNP)分子标记,为凡纳滨对虾的良种选育提供参考,选择卵黄蛋白原(vitellogenin,VG)基因作为筛选基因。本实验采用PCR产物直接测序法对VG基因进行SNP位点筛查,并与繁殖性状进行关联分析。结果表明:(1)在150个凡纳滨对虾样品中,VG基因的4个结构域一共可以检测到37个SNP位点,8个能引起蛋白质氨基酸的同义突变,3个错义突变,26个无义突变。(2)对37个位点进行分析,发现4个可能的SNP候选位点。(3)多态性分析结果显示,4个候选位点都在中等多态水平,多态信息较为丰富。(4)对4个候选位点与产卵次数、产卵总量、平均产卵量和单位体质量产卵量繁殖性状进行单因素方差分析,结果显示位点3 839与总产卵量和单位体质量产卵量存在显著性差异(P 0. 05),其他位点不存在显著差异(P 0. 05)。

Preliminary study of SNP marker on spawning traits in Litopenaeus vannamei

Molecular markers related with spawning traits in shrimps is limited. At present study, vitellogenin (VG) gene of Litopenaeus vannamei was selected for SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) marker screening on spawning traits (ie. spawn or not & egg number). Direct sequencing of VG gene was used for SNP loci screening. The detected SNP loci were further correlated with spawning traits. The experiment was based on 150 ablated female shrimps and the four domains of VT gene. During the discovered 37 SNP loci, there were 3 missense mutation, 8 synonymous mutation and 26 nonsense mutation. Further analysis found 4 potential SNP loci whose polymorphism information content (PIC) were between 0.31-0.36 indicated their middle standard of PIC. Single-factor ANOVA analysis was used for the reproductive variables (number of spawns, total egg number, average egg number, and egg number per body weight). Only the locus 3 839 showed the significance difference on total egg number and egg number per body weight (P < 0.05), no significance differences were found in the other 3 potential loci.