东南太平洋智利竹䇲鱼资源渔场时空分布

根据2003—2011年东南太平洋智利竹■鱼生产统计数据,利用灰色关联评价等数理方法对东南太平洋智利竹■鱼资源和渔场的时空分布特征进行分析。结果表明,2003—2011年间东南太平洋智利竹■鱼渔场重心主要分布在80°W～95°W、40°S～45°S范围内,随着月份的增加逐步向西北方向移动,并从8月份渔场开始分为两个区域,其渔场重心逐渐向西北和东北两个方向偏移,到10月份逐渐偏移到最北端。在产量比重上,东南太平洋智利竹■鱼渔场分布具有明显的季节变化:秋季渔场分布纬度处于最南端,变化范围相对集中,主要分布在80°W～95°W、40°S～45°S区域内;冬季渔场纬度逐渐北移,春季渔场处于最北端,且变化范围较大。这种变化与渔场重心的分布相一致。经度上集中分布于79°W～101°W区域,纬度上集中分布于30°S～45°S区域。79°W～101°W和30°S～45°S这一区域作业次数也相对较高。灰色关联度表明,9年间东南太平洋智利竹■鱼的资源状况较好,研究竹■鱼的资源时空分布为其今后的可持续开发与管理提供科学依据。

Spatio-temporal distribution of mackerel in Southeast Pacific Ocean

Based on the fishery data of Chilean jack mackerel in the southeast Pacific from 2003 to 2011, the spatio-temporal distribution of Chilean mackerel in the southeastern Pacific was analyzed by grey correlation evaluation. The results showed that the center of gravity of fishing ground in the southeastern Pacific Ocean was mainly distributed in the range of 80°W -95°W and 40°S -45°S from 2003 to 2011. It gradually moved to the northwest with the increase of the month and started from August. The fishing ground began to divide into two areas. The center of fishing gradually shifted to the northwest and northeast, and shifted to the northernmost in October. From the perspective of the distribution of catch in the southeastern Pacific Chile has a significant seasonal variation. The fishing ground was distributed at the southernmost,and its range was also relatively small in the autumn, mainly located in 80°W -95°W,40°S -45°S. The fishing ground moved to north in the winter; whereas the fishing ground was at northernmost, with a wide range. This was similar to the distribution of the center of gravities. The average catch per net was distributed in 79°W-101°W,30°S -45°S. The fishing activities in the area of 79°W -101°W,30°S -45°S were also relatively high. The grey correlation indicated that the status of the Chilean jack mackerel in the Southeast Pacific Ocean had been good for 9 years. Understanding the spatio-temporal distribution of mackerel is beneficial to sustainable development and management for mackerel resources in the future.