泽漆水浸液及茶皂素浸提液对浮萍的抑制效果

通过对浮萍表观生长状态的观察记录以及对其抗氧化酶、丙二醛含量的测定,研究泽漆水浸液对浮萍(Lemna minor L.)的抑制活性,并探索利用茶皂素作为浸提辅助剂,检测是否提高泽漆对浮萍的抑制作用。结果表明:低浓度泽漆水浸液(0.001、0.003、0.005 g/mL)胁迫下,浮萍部分抗氧化酶系统遭受破坏,过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶活性下降,超氧化物歧化酶活性先升高后降低,未出现明显表观受伤症状;高浓度泽漆水浸液(0.01、0.015、0.02 g/mL)胁迫36 h,90%~100%个体受伤严重甚至死亡,受伤个体、程度与浓度、时间成正比,茶皂素助浸液胁迫36 h时,出现明显受伤症状的个体数≤10%。茶皂素作为浸提辅助剂所得泽漆浸提液没有加强对浮萍的抑制作用,反而减弱了这种作用。泽漆水浸液对浮萍有明显的抑制作用,今后可进一步分析泽漆水浸液和其茶皂素助浸液之间化学成分种类和含量的差异,这有助于抑制浮萍有效成分的鉴定。

Study on the inhibitory effect of Euphorbia helioscopia L. aqueous extract with and without tea saponin on Lemna minor L.

The study was conducted to determine the inhibition effect of Euphorbia helioscopia L. aqueous extract on Lemna minor L. through measuring by plant growth and antioxidant enzyme system. A total of 18 treatments were successively divided into 3 experimental groups according to the content of tea saponin added as extraction adjuvants (group 1: no tea saponin,group 2: 0.2g/L tea saponin,group 3: 0.5 g/L tea saponin). Each group was set up on the six concentration series of E. helioscopia aqueous extract as 0.001, 0.003, 0.005, 0.01, 0.015, 0.02 g/mL. A blank control was also set up. The results showed that the injury degree of L. minor was directly correlated to the concentration of E. helioscopia aqueous extract. The antioxidant enzyme system was affected at low E. helioscopia aqueous extract concentrations (0.001, 0.003, 0.005 g/mL). The CAT, POD activity decreased, and SOD activity was reduced after an initial increase while apparent injury symptoms were not observed. L. minor was seriously injured apparently at higher concentration (0.01, 0.015, 0.02 g/mL) and 90%-100% individuals were injured after 36 hours stress. Both the quantity and the injury degree of injured individuals were positively correlated with the concentration of E. helioscopia aqueous extract. L. minor in groups of E. helioscopia tea saponin extract were injured mildly compared with those in the group with only aqueous extracts. A component analysis of E. helioscopia extract is necessary to find the differences between group 1, group 2 and group 3, and it will help to identify the active ingredient inhibiting L. minor.