印度洋黄鳍金枪鱼渔业管理策略评价的初步研究

近年来印度洋黄鳍金枪鱼捕捞量一直维持在最大持续产量附近,其整体资源处于风险状态。由于渔业数据存在各种误差,渔业资源评估结果也存在很大的不确定性,传统的渔业资源管理方法会影响渔业资源的可持续利用。渔业管理策略评价是一种系统方法,通过计算机模拟管理对象的渔业系统,设定合理的管理目标,然后测试和评价不同渔业管理策略的表现,可以提高渔业管理成功的概率,在渔业中的使用也越来越广泛。本研究根据印度洋黄鳍金枪鱼的生活史特征参数和渔业数据,建立操作模型,通过计算机模拟对印度洋黄鳍金枪鱼渔业不同管理策略的结果进行评价,从而选择适宜的管理策略,为印度洋黄鳍金枪鱼资源持续发展提供建议。本研究共设置25种管理策略,通过渔业管理策略评价(management strategy evaluation,MSE),并结合各种不确定性,得到最合适的管理策略是管理策略7,即F设置为0.2,SSB设置为600 000 t。

Management strategy evaluation for yellowfin tuna fishery in Indian Ocean

The yield of yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) in Indian Ocean stayed near the maximum stainable catch in recent years, and in generally the status of its resources is in the risk. Traditional fishery management methods are usually limited in considering the existence of errors (or uncertainties) in each section of fishery which might have an enormous impact on the management. Fishery management strategy evaluation is a kind of systemic method which simulates the targeted fishery by computer simulation. MSE usually specify management objective firstly and then test and evaluate the performance of different management strategies to achieve that objective. MSE can increase possibilities of the success of fishery management and is being used more and more widely. We set up operation model according to the biological parameters and other fisheries data for MSE in this study. Then we evaluated different strategy evaluations by computer simulation and choosed the optimal management strategy, so as to provide advice for the stainable development of the yellowfin tuna resources in the Indian Ocean. We specified 25 management strategies and simulate the resources in 2010-2020 using MSE 4.0 software. According to MSE, the optimal management strategy for yellowfin tuna fishery is MS7, ie, F_msy is 0.2 and SSB_msy is 600,000t. This study will be helpful to understand the processing of making management strategy.