混养池塘生物膜微生物群落功能多样性特征分析

为了研究高产混养池塘生物膜载体材料附着微生物对不同碳源物质的代谢特征,采用Biolog-ECO技术和水质分析,分析了罗非鱼和草鱼高产混养池塘生物膜形成过程(0~9 w)中微生物碳代谢变化特征及池塘水质变化情况。结果表明:(1)试验期间,混养池塘悬挂生态基对总氮和总磷的去除及对氨态氮、硝态氮和亚硝态氮等水质指标的维持有一定贡献作用;(2)不同采样时间点生物膜附着微生物对碳源的代谢活性存在明显差异,表现为第3、5、7、8周生物膜代谢活性处于较高水平,在生物膜形成过程中,生物膜微生物的代谢活性出现先升高后降低的趋势;丰富度指数、Shannon指数、Simpson指数和Mc Intosh指数表现为第3、4、5、7、8周明显高于其他周;(3)对6大类碳源利用率的研究表明生物膜微生物对碳水化合物类和聚合物类的利用率最高;随着生物膜的形成,附着微生物明显提高了对肝糖、N-乙酰-D-葡萄糖氨、β-甲基-D-葡萄糖苷、1-磷酸葡萄糖等碳源的利用率;(4)生物膜微生物代谢特征主成分分析(PCA)表明,不同采样时间点的样方聚集在3个不同的区域,其中第3、4、6、8、9周微生物代谢差异较小,第0周和第1周聚为一体,第5周和第7周聚为一体,但这3个聚集区域之间存在显著差异。研究结果为后续在生产实践中利用碳源强化生物膜形成提供参考。

Microbial metabolic characteristics of biofilm communities in polyculture pond

The microbe attached in biofilm carrier material could ulitize different carbon sources in high yield collection pond. In order to understand the metabolic characteristics of these microbes, the Biolog-ECO technology and water quality analysis were used to analyze the change of microbial carbon metabolism and water quality during the formation of biofilm (0-9 w) in high collection pond including grass carp and tilapia. The results showed that:(1) During the test, using biofilm in polyculture ponds has good removal effect of total nitrogen and phosphorus, and has good effects on maintaining water quality stability;(2) For different sampling time points, the metabolic activity of ulitizing carbon source displayed obvious difference:3, 5, 7, 8 w biofilm metabolic activity at high levels; In the biofilm formation process, the trend of the biofilm microbial metabolic activity first rose and then reduced; Richness index, Shannon index, Simpson index, and McIntosh index performance for 3, 4, 5, 7, 8 w were significantly higher than other weeks; (3)Studies on the use of six kinds of carbon sources indicate that biofilm microbes have the highest utilization rates for carbohydrates and polymers; Along with the formation of the biofilm, adherent microbes of glycogen increased obviously, such as n-acetyl-D-glucosamine, beta-methyl-D-glucoside, 1-phosphate glucose utilization of carbon sources; (4) Biofilm microbial metabolic characteristics of principal component analysis (PCA) shows that the different sampling time points of samples gathered in three different areas, including 3, 4, 6, 8, 9 w microbial metabolic difference is small, 0w and 1w as a whole, 5 w and 7 w as a whole, but there were significant differences between the three concentrated areas. The results would provide some reference for further utilization of carbon sources to strengthen biofilm formation in aquaculture.