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深水网箱的分类及性能
引用本文:袁军亭,周应祺.深水网箱的分类及性能[J].上海海洋大学学报,2006(3):350-358.
作者姓名:袁军亭  周应祺
作者单位:上海水产大学海洋学院,上海200090
基金项目:上海市重点学科建设项目
摘    要:探讨了深水网箱的分类方法,选择网箱的工作方式、结构特点、框架柔性、框架材料等对深水网箱进行分类。对17种典型的大型深水网箱的结构特性、力学特性、抗风浪能力等进行了分析。结果表明,按工作方式的分类中,浮式网箱的品种最多,占52.9%;按网箱力学结构分类中,重力式和自张式网箱较多,分别占52.9%和41.2%;按框架材料柔性分类中,柔性框架和刚性框架各占一半;按框架材质分类中,金属网箱居多数,达52.9%。其中,浮式重力式网箱结构简单,成本较低,操作管理方便,应用较广。但它在强水流作用下,网衣水平漂移严重,网箱容积损失率高,而加载保持网型的同时,会使网衣承受的张力增加,容易造成网衣撕破,因此,在流速较大海域中,该网箱的使用受到限制。自张式刚性网箱具有稳固的操作平台,易于实现自动化,同时,框架承受了相当的载荷,网衣受力和网型相对稳定,在新材料、新工艺的支持下,该类结构的抗风浪网箱具有较大发展潜力。

关 键 词:深水网箱  分类  结构特性  网箱设计
收稿时间:2005/12/10 0:00:00

Classification of offshore fish cages and their performances
YUAN Jun-ting,ZHOU Ying-qing.Classification of offshore fish cages and their performances[J].Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2006(3):350-358.
Authors:YUAN Jun-ting  ZHOU Ying-qing
Institution:Ocean College, Shanghai Fisheries University, Shanghai 200090, China
Abstract:Offshore fish cage becomes an important marine culture facility because it has a relatively large volume to provide sufficient culture capacity with special designed structure to withstand strongerwave,flow and wind forces at open water areas.This paper gives an overview of classification methodology of cages based on their working mode,structures,material and performances,etc.Their structures,mechanical properties,ability of survival in stronger wave and current have been discussed on the 17 selected types of cages which are currently used in marine aquaculture around the world.The results indicated that,according to their working mode,the varieties of floating type cages are the most with 52.9%; According to the cage structures,the gravity type and self-tensioned-and-self-supporting type cages account for 52.9% and 41.2% respectively;According to the flexibility of frame,the cages can be classified as the flexible frame(or non-rigid frame) and the rigid frame,their proportions are about the same;According to frame material quality,the metal cages are the most widely used up to 52.9%.In those,the gravity cages show good performance and are widely used in fishery due to simple structure,lower costs,easy operation,however,higher tension existing and concentrated on part of the netting or meshes,which might cause netting tearing and the reduction of volume of cage due to stronger current etc.,will bring about limitation on the application of gravity cages in the open water area with strong current.The rigid self-tensioned-and-self-supporting cages have advantages having a stable operation platform and easy to apply modern automatic technology or facilities.It can be expected that the rigid self-tensioned-and-self-supporting cages will be widely applied to cage culture while new material and technology are introduced.
Keywords:offshore fish cage  classification  structure  design
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