浙江沿海深水网箱养殖模式的研究

针对浙江沿海海域自然条件、深水网箱类型特点，提出深水网箱养殖模式设计的基本原则，描述模式诸模块的构成与设计，包括养殖区域、网箱类型、养殖场规模、网箱敷设密度、敷设方式的确定，养殖区布局、鱼类养成技术和环境监控等。同时，以秀山岛青山海区网箱养殖模式为实例进行试验，结果表明：该海域实施的养殖模式，网箱能适用最大潮流2．8节，且具足够的抗风浪能力；养殖的鱼类生长快，病害少，成活率达95％；养殖对海域环境的影响不明显，网箱养殖区的化学指标与未养殖的对照点比较：pH高0．04，溶解氧相差0．18mg／L，COD、BOD分别变化0．02mg／L和0．06mg／L，各种营养盐略有增减，幅度为-0．034- ＋0．017mg／L。因此，深水网箱养殖，只要采用合理的养殖模式，既可获得良好的养殖效益，又能有效地控制或避免海洋环境的污染。

Study on the deep sea-cage culture patterns in Zhejiang coastal waters

In regard to the natural conditions along Zhejiang costal waters, the type and structure of sea-cage, the basic designing principles were proposed. In addition, its modular structure and design were discussed, which included area selection, cage type and array, farm scale, distribution density, arrangement of culture field, fish culture technology and environmental monitoring. Furthermore, making the culture practice at Qingshan zone of Xiushan island as an example, the experiment was carried on. The results indicated: the net cage that was used in this culture structure at this costal area was adequate for the 2.8kts maximal tidal current, with the enough ability of anti-wave property. The fish in this net cage grew fast, with little illness. The survival rate of fish can reach 95%. The influence on the cultured environment was unconspicuous. The chemistry index in the net cage culture area such as pH, D.O., COD and BOD varied 0.04, 0.18mg/L, 0.02mg/L and 0.06mg/L accordingly, compared with the control point of the uncultured area at the same time. Some kinds of nutrient salts in sea water were increasing, some were decreasing. The average amplitude is -0.034 to +0.017mg/L. Therefore, as far as cage culture is concerned, only by rational culture model design and its implementation, nice results can be obtained such as high landing, high effectiveness and less pollution.