乌伦古湖鱼类资源现状及保护与开发对策

对乌伦古湖鱼类资源现状进行了调研。结果表明有土著鱼类7种，引种移植和引水入湖后增加到22种，其中经济鱼类18种，优势种由土著鱼类贝加尔雅罗鱼（Leuciscus leuciscus baicalensis （Dybowski））转变为池沼公鱼（Hypomesus olidas （Pallas）），鱼类区系组成由2个增加到6个。40多年来，年鱼产量在800—4400t之间波动。随着人类活动的加剧，水域环境发生变化，鱼类资源失衡，尤其特优土著经济鱼类资源衰退显著。为此采取加强依法管渔，科技兴渔即降低捕捞强度、保护渔业水域环境、改变仅依靠自然繁衍来补充资源的局面、科学对待引种移植、充分利用渔产潜力、建设优质鱼类种质资源库、重视加工保鲜业、发展休闲渔业等对策，可达到该湖渔业资源的可持续发展目标。

The current situation and the countermeasures of protection and development of fish resources in Ulungur Lake

Research on the current situation of fish resources in Ulungur Lake.The study shows: There are 7 species of native fish,after transplanting by introducing species and filling the lake with water,the species were increased to 22 among them,18 species are the economic fish and the superior species is transferred from Leusiscus leusiscus baicalensis(Dybowski) to Hypomesus olidus(Pallas).During the past 40 years,the annual fish production has been fluctuated 800-4400 t.With the exacerating of human activities,the water surroundings have been changed and the fish resources have lost its balance,especially,the superior native fish resources have an invisible decline.Therefore,to strengthen care of the fish by law,the science and the technology encouraging the fish and lower catch strength,protect the fishery water environment,change to depend on the nature to multiply greatly only to add the resources,science leads to transplantation,making use of fish to produce potential well,constructing high-quality fish to grow the quality resources database,the value processes to protect the fresh industry,developing the recreational fishery etc,counter plan,attainability the fishery resources of that lake can keep on to develop the target.