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分压式拦鱼电栅电学参量的计算方法
引用本文:楼文高.分压式拦鱼电栅电学参量的计算方法[J].上海海洋大学学报,1993(Z1).
作者姓名:楼文高
作者单位:上海水产大学渔业工程系 200090
基金项目:上海水产大学青年科研基金
摘    要:本文分别用等效电路法、电磁场理论法和电轴镜像法推得计算分压式拦鱼电栅电学参量的理论公式,同时分析了推导过程中的近似和简化原理。分析比较采用上述3种方法计算得到的电场强度、相对电位和输电线瞬时总电流等电学参量表明,在形状规则、电极阵离坝或岸很近(小于电极平均间距d),且符合电轴镜像法简化原理的条件时,应用电轴镜像法才有实际意义。在大水面处、电极阵离坝或岸较远时(大于5d)或分析电极阵中心区域时,应用等效电路法得到的计算结果具有足够精度(误差<5%),能满足工程设计需要,此时若应用电磁场理论法或电轴镜像法太过复杂,又没有实际意义。

关 键 词:拦鱼电栅  电学参量  相对电位  电场强度

ON THE CALCULATION OF ELECTRIC PARAMETERS FOR ELECTRIC FISH SCREEN OF DIVIDER-TYPE
Lou Wen-gao Fishery Engineering.ON THE CALCULATION OF ELECTRIC PARAMETERS FOR ELECTRIC FISH SCREEN OF DIVIDER-TYPE[J].Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,1993(Z1).
Authors:Lou Wen-gao Fishery Engineering
Institution:Lou Wen-gao Fishery Engineering Department SFU 200090
Abstract:In this peper, the theoratical calculation of electric parameters forelectric fish screen (EFS) of divider-type is presented acoording to the principles ofequivalent circuit, axis-mirror image method and electromagnetics respectively. Theirconstraint conditions of simplification and approximation are also analyzed. The analy-sis shows that the theoratical calculation formula are applicable to different situation,that is, (1) the equivalent circuit method is approximately suitable to comparativelylarge aquatic areas, in deepwater layers or center part of the blocking section (calledsituation 1); (2) the axis-mirror image method is accurately suitable to the mirror planeperpendicular or parallel to the line of the electrode absolutely (called situation 2), otherwise, it is mistaken and senseless; (3) the electromagnetics method is accuratelyuseful to situation 1. The calculated examples show that: (1) The error between the equivalent circuit method and the electromagneticsmethod is less than 5%, and in other words, the error can be neglected in engineeringdesign and analysis. (2) The error between the electromagnetics method and the axis-mirror imagemethod is significant when the electrode line is close to the image plane, and unsigni-ficant when the distance from the electrode line to the image plane is larger than 5d. In practice, the EFS of divider-type is usually designed and located on the spillwayof reservoir. The dam and the bank of spillway are certainly angular to the electrodeline in oder to improve the efficiency of stopping fish escaping. The electric parametersare thus calculated by both the equivalent circuit method and the electromagneticsmethod, but the axis-mirror image method.
Keywords:electrie fish screen  electrie parameters  relative potential  electric strength  
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