中华绒螯蟹二龄早熟和晚熟品系第三代成蟹可食率和生化组成的比较研究

采用养殖实验、活体解剖和生化分析等方法,以未经选育的中华绒螯蟹(以下简称河蟹)养殖群体作为对照组,测定和比较了河蟹二龄早熟和晚熟品系第三代(G3)成蟹的可食率和常规营养成分。研究结果显示:(1)在体重接近的情况下,无论雌雄,三群体成蟹的性腺指数、出肉率和总可食率均无显著差异(P0.05),但二龄晚熟群体雌蟹的肝胰腺指数显著大于二龄早熟群体(P0.05);(2)就雌体常规生化组成而言,三群体肌肉、肝胰腺和性腺的水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪和灰分含量都没有显著差异(P0.05),尽管二龄早熟品系肝胰腺中的粗脂肪含量明显高于二龄晚熟品系,但是两者统计学上无显著差异;(3)就雄体常规生化组成而言,二龄早熟品系生殖系统(含量精巢、副性腺和输精管)中粗蛋白和灰分显著高于晚熟品系(P0.05),雄体肌肉、肝胰腺和性腺中的其余指标均没有显著差异性(P0.05)。综上,整体上遗传选育对二龄早熟和晚熟品系G3成蟹的组织系数、可食率和可食部位中的常规营养成分影响不大,其中仅二龄早熟G3雄体的肝胰腺指数显著低于二龄晚熟品系而其生殖系统中的粗蛋白和灰分含量显著高于二龄晚熟品系。

The comparison of edible rate and biochemical composition of the second-year early-maturing and late-maturing strains of the third selective generation during the adult culture of Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis

This research was aimed to compare the edible rate and biochemical composition of early-maturing (EM) and late-maturing (LM) Eriocheir sinensis during adult culture stage with the methods of culture experiment,sentisection and biochemical analysis, and individuals without selection were served as the control.The results showed that:(1)No matter for females or males,individuals with similar weight from different groups exhibited no significant difference in gonadosomatic index (GSI), meat yield (MY) and total edible yield (TEY);(2)As for biochemical composition in muscle, hepatopancreas and gonad of females,there were no significant differences in the level of moisture, protein, lipid and ash between different groups though obviously higher level of lipids in the hepatopancreas of EM individuals;(3) As for males, the levels of protein and ash in the gonad of EM individuals were significantly higher than LM individuals and no significant difference existed in other tissues.As a whole, the selective breeding had a little influence on the edible rate yield and biochemical composition of E. sinensis, except for significantly lower HSI, but significantly higher level of protein and ash in the gonad of male EMs compared to LM individuals.