克氏原螯虾不同生理时期肝胰腺和肌肉生化组成及能量的变化

研究分析了克氏原螯虾（Procambarus clarkii）雌性亲本在产卵和抱卵期间肝胰腺和肌肉生化组成的变化及能量变动。结果表明：（1）克氏原螯虾产卵前后肝胰腺与肌肉指数均无显著性变化（P>0.05），而卵巢指数由6.14%降到0.40%（P<0.01），产卵后至卵破膜阶段肝胰腺指数上升了13.29%，显著高于产卵前水平（P<0.05）。（2）克氏原螯虾产卵后肝胰腺和肌肉中3大营养物质均呈现下降趋势，其中肝胰腺中粗脂肪含量与肌肉中粗蛋白含量下降极显著（P<0.01），至卵破膜阶段，肝胰腺中的蛋白质和碳水化合物含量快速恢复且极显著超过产卵前水平（P<0.01）。产卵前后肝胰腺能值下降最大，抱卵期间肌肉能值下降显著。（3）产卵后，多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）显著下降，C22∶6n-3(DHA)与C20∶5n-3(EPA)下降幅度最大，分别为44.33%，30.80%。在这3个阶段，C20∶4n-6(AA)一直呈上升趋势，饱和脂肪酸（SFA）和单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFA）较为稳定，略有上升。

Changes of biochemical composition and energy in hepatopancreas and muscle of Procambarus clarkii at different physiological stages

In present research work,the changes of the biochemical composition and energy density in hepatopancreas and muscle of Procambarus clarkii before and after spawning and during the berried stages were studied.The results showed that(1) before and after spawning stages there was no significant change for indices of hepatopancreas and muscle(P>0.05),while the ovarian index decreased from 6.14% to 0.40%(P<0.01).Meanwhile,the hepatopancreas index increased by 13.29% from after spawning stage to berried stage,which was significantly higher than that before spawning stage;(2) The crude protein,crude lipid and carbohydrate decreased significantly after spawning,in which crude lipid in hepatopancreas and crude protein in muscle decreased significantly(P<0.01).During the berried stage,the protein and carbohydrate were quickly recovered and exceeded the levels of those before spawning stage(P<0.01).The energy in hepatopancreas decreased significantly before and after spawning stage,while the energy in muscle decreased significantly at the berried stage;(3) The PUFA was decreased significantly after spawning stage,in which DHA and EPA decreased by 44.33% and 30.80% respectively.During the three stages,the C20∶ 4n-6 displayed an increasing pattern,while the SFA and MUFA were stable,and only increased slightly.