海洋酸化对海水青鳉性别分化的影响

以海水青鳉作为研究对象,研究海洋酸化对其性别分化的影响。将刚受精的受精卵置于对照组(CO_2浓度为480×10~(-6))和2个处理组(CO_2浓度分别为1 000×10~(-6)和2 000×10~(-6))的水体中,直到孵化出膜。将出膜后仔鱼饲养在对照组水体中至性成熟,然后通过形态学、组织学和遗传学方法,对每一尾实验鱼进行表现型和基因型的性别鉴定。经形态学判断,发现酸化处理组的雄雌比例显著高于对照组(P0.01)。经形态学观察其第二性征和遗传学性别判断,对照组的青鳉从孵化到性成熟的个体中并未出现基因型和表现型性别不一致的个体,而在2个酸化处理组中,均有基因型为XX而表现型为雄性的个体,即性逆转雄性,性逆转率分别为38.4%和47.5%。

Effects of ocean acidification on the sexual differentation of marine medaka Oryzias melastigma

In this study, the effect of ocean acidification on sex differentiation of marine medaka was studied. Fertilized eggs were incubated at three concentration of CO2 (480×10-6, 1000×10-6 and 2000×10-6) and, after hatching the fry were breed under control condition (480×10-6) until adulthood. Phenotypic sex was judged from secondary sexual characteristics. The ratio of male to female in two treatment groups were significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.01). Genotypic sex was determined by the presence or absence of the DMY gene. In the control group, phenotypic sex completely agreed with genotypic sex. However, in two treatment groups, there are some phenotypical males but genotypic female, which is sex-reversed XX male. The sex reversal rate was 38.4% and 47.5% at 1000×10-6 and 2000×10-6 concentration of CO2, respectively.