再生稻气送式双侧施肥装置的设计与试验研究

为解决再生稻追肥的施肥不均和施肥量调节不准问题，设计了一种再生稻气送式双侧施肥装置。利用三因素二次回归旋转组合试验研究排肥轴转速、槽轮工作长度、分肥器角度对施肥性能的影响，并建立了总排肥量稳定性变异系数、各行排肥量一致性变异系数的回归数学模型。结果表明，影响总排肥量稳定性变异系数的顺序为排肥轴转速、槽轮工作长度、分肥器角度；影响各行排肥量一致性变异系数的顺序为排肥轴转速、分肥器角度、槽轮工作长度；通过Design-Expert 8.0分析得出影响施肥装置排肥性能主要因素最佳参数组合：排肥轴转速16 r·min-1，槽轮工作长度22 mm，分肥器角度114°，此时总排肥量稳定性变异系数为1%，各行排肥量一致性变异系数为2.45%。该施肥装置满足再生稻追肥要求，施肥性能较好。

Design and Experiment of Pneumatic Double-side Fertilizer Devices for Ratoon Rice

In order to resolve the problems of uneven fertilization and inaccurately fertilization rate in ratoon rice topdressing, a kind of double-side pneumatic fertilizer device was designed in this paper. the quadratic regression rotation-orthogonal combination experiment was carried out to research the effects of rotation speed of outer fluted roller, working length of outer grooved wheel, and the angle of the fertilizer distributor on the fertilizer device performance. And the regression mathematical models of total quantity of the fertilizer discharging stability coefficient of variation and row fertilizer quantity consistently coefficient of variations was established. The results showed that the factors affecting total quantity of the fertilizer discharging stability coefficient of variation were the rotation speed, the working length, and the angle in sequence. The factors affecting row fertilizer quantity consistently coefficient of variations were the rotation speed, the angle, and the working length in sequence. The optimal parameter combination was determined by Design-Expert 8.0 with the rotation speed of 16 r·min-1, the working length of 22 mm, and the angle of 114°. Under the optimal parameter, the total quantity of the fertilizer discharging stability coefficient of variation and the row fertilizer quantity consistently coefficient of variations were 1% and 2.45%, respectively. The fertilizer device could meet the requirements of ratoon rice dressing and fertilizer excretion performance was good.