西南地区发展气候智慧型农业的对策建议

目前，全球气候变化形势严峻，而农业生产与气候变化相互影响。探索气候变化条件下的新型农业生产模式，既可以提高农民收入、保障区域粮食安全，又可以减少温室气体排放、缓解气候变化。在系统梳理气候变化对农业生产的影响、农业生产对气候变化的推动作用和适应气候变化下的农业生产方式相关研究的基础上，全面分析了气候变化下农业生产面临的严峻考验和转变农业生产方式的重要意义。传统农业生产方式在人口持续增长和气候变化的双重影响下已不能满足需求，为应对气候变化提出的气候智慧型农业可以促使农业可持续发展，增强农业生产适应性，减少温室气体排放，缓解全球气候变化。依据西南地区的自然条件和国内外应对气候变化的先进农业生产经验，提出了我国西南地区发展气候智慧型农业的建议对策，制定区域气候智慧型农业的政策制度，完善区域气候智慧型农业的技术措施，综合开发和因地制宜选择气候智慧型农业的发展模式。

Countermeasures on Developing Climate-smart Agriculture in Southwest China

There is a mutual influence between agricultural production and climate change. Exploring new models of agricultural production under climate change conditions can not only ensure regional food security and increase farmers’ income, but also reduce emissions of greenhouse gases and mitigate climate change. Based on the systematic review of the impact of climate change on agricultural production, the promotion of agricultural production on climate change, and the related literature on agricultural production methods under climate change, this article comprehensively analyzed the severe tests and transformations of agricultural production under climate change. Traditional methods of agricultural production can not meet demand due to the dual impact of population growth and climate change. The climate-smart agriculture was proposed for achieving sustainable agricultural production, enhancing the adaptability of agricultural production and reducing emissions of greenhouse gases and alleviating global climate change. Based on the natural conditions in the southwest region and the domestic and international experience of advanced agricultural production to deal with climate change, the countermeasures and suggestions for the development of climate-smart agriculture in southwest China were proposed, which included policy systems and technology development models of regional climate-smart agriculture.