不同耕作模式下施硅量对垦粳7号抗倒伏性能的影响

以垦粳7号水稻为材料，采用田间小区试验方法，在垄作和平作两种耕作模式下，设置4种硅肥量D1(0 mL·hm^-2)、D2(150 mL·hm^-2)、D3(375 mL·hm^-2)、D4(600 mL·hm^-2)，研究不同处理下水稻株高、重心高、基部第1节间（N1）、第2节间（N2）、第3节间（N3）、第4节间（N4）抗倒伏能力和主要物理性状的差异，并对倒伏指数、抗折力与茎秆主要物理性状进行相关分析。结果表明：在两种耕作模式下，适当的硅肥处理使水稻株高、重心高降低，N1、N2节间长缩短，N3、N4节间长伸长，各节间粗度、单位节间干重、茎壁厚度、抗折力和弯曲力矩都增加，倒伏指数减小，抗倒伏能力增强。两种耕作模式均在D3处理时倒伏指数最小，垄作模式下D3处理N1、N2、N3、N4节间倒伏指数较D1分别降低了15.35%、5.18%、5.89%、10.61%，平作模式下D3处理N1、N2、N3、N4节间倒伏指数较D1分别降低了12.20%、6.59%、6.29%、8.70%。基部各节间倒伏指数与节间粗度、单位节间干重、茎壁厚呈负相关，与株高、重心高呈正相关。基部各节间抗折力与节间粗度、单位节间干重、茎壁厚呈正相关，与重心高呈负相关。不同耕作模式下，适当硅肥用量处理均使水稻抗折力、抗倒伏性能增加。硅肥施用量为375 mL·hm^-2时，水稻抗倒伏性能最好。

Effects of Silicon Fertilizer on Lodging Resistance of Kenjing 7 Under Different Tillage Modes

Taking the rice variety Kenjing 7 as material, using the field community experiment method, this paper set 4 silicon fertilizer consumption: D1 (0 mL·hm^-2), D2 (150 mL·hm^-2), D3 (375 mL·hm^-2) and D4 (600 mL·hm^-2) under two tillage modes (ridge cropping and heisaku ), and studied the differences in lodging resistance and main physical traits of plant height, height of gravity center, first internode of base (N1), second internode (N2), third internode (N3) and fourth internode (N4), and analyzed the correlation between lodging index, breaking-resistance strength and main physical traits of stem. The results showed that: under the two tillage modes, with appropriate silicon fertilizer treatment, rice plant height and height of gravity center decreased; internode length of N1 and N2 shortened, internode length of N3 and N4 elongated; internode roughness, unit internode dry weight, stem wall thickness, bending force and bending moment increased; lodging index decreased, and lodging resistance ability enhanced. Both tillage modes had the lowest lodging index at D3, the internode lodging indexes of N1,N2,N3 and N4 treated by D3 under ridge cropping decreased by 15.35%, 5.18%, 5.89% and 10.61%,respectively, compared with D1; the internode lodging indexes of N1, N2, N3 and N4 treated by D3 under heisaku decreased by 12.20%,6.59%,6.29% and 8.70%,respectively, compared with D1. The lodging index was negatively correlated with internode diameter, dry weight of unit internode and stem wall thickness, and positively correlated with plant height and height of gravity center. The internode breaking-resistant strength was positively correlated with internode diameter, dry weight of unit internode and stem wall thickness, but negatively correlated with height of gravity center. Under different tillage modes, the breaking-resistant strength and lodging resistance of rice increased with appropriate silicon fertilizer dosage. In this study, the lodging resistance of rice was the best when silicon fertilizer dosage was 375 mL·hm^-2.