甘肃高山细毛羊肉用性能杂交改良效果分析

以黑萨福克、邦德和无角陶赛特3个国外优良绵羊品种作为父本,对甘肃高山细毛羊进行肉用性能杂交改良(各杂种后代分别简称"黑萨甘细"、"邦甘细"和"陶甘细"),并以甘肃高山细毛羊纯繁羔羊(简称"甘高细")作为对照组,研究各杂交组合及对照组羔羊在6月龄前的生长性能和产肉效果。结果表明,黑萨甘细、邦甘细和陶甘细的1~2月龄体质量、6月龄体质量和全期(初生~6月龄)平均日增量均明显高于对照组,黑萨甘细、邦甘细和陶甘细的6月龄体质量达到38.11 kg、37.39 kg和36.60 kg,分别比对照组高出6.75 kg、6.03 kg和5.24 kg(P0.01)。黑萨甘细的6月龄体质量、断奶后平均日增量、全期平均日增量和6月龄胴体质量均最大,其6月龄胴体质量为16.36 kg,比邦甘细和陶甘细高出1.21 kg和0.96 kg(P0.05),比甘高细高出3.36 kg(P0.01)。由此表明,这3个国外优良品种都能明显改善甘肃高山细毛羊的生长速度和肉用性能,其中黑萨福克的改良效果最佳。

Effect Analysis of Hybridization and Improvement of Meat Performance on Gansu Alpine Merino

Three foreign sheep breeds, Black Suffolk, Bond and Poll Dorset, were used as male parents to improve the meat performance of Gansu Alpine Merino (which generation were referred to as BSG, BG and DG, respectively), and the purebreeding offsprings of Gansu Alpine Merino (referred to as GAM) were used as the control group to investigate the growth and meat performance of each hybrid combination lambs before 6 months old in this study. The results suggested that the body mass of BSG, BG and DG at 1~2 and 6 months old along with the average daily gain of the whole period (birth~6-month-old) were significantly higher than those of the control group. The body mass of BSG, BG and DG at 6-month-old reached to 38.11 kg, 37.39 kg and 36.60 kg, respectively, which increased by 6.75 kg, 6.03 kg and 5.24 kg compared with the control group, respectively (P ＜0.01). The body mass of 6-month-old, the average daily gain after weaning and the whole period, and the carcass mass of BSG were all the maximum, whose carcass mass of 6-month-old reached to 16.36 kg, and increased by 1.21 kg and 0.96 kg than those of BG and DG, respectively (P＞0.05), and 3.36 kg higher than that of the control group (P＜0.01). Therefore, these 3 excellent foreign mutton sheep breeds can obviousely improve the growth and meat performance of Gansu Alpine Merino, and “Black Suffolk×Gansu Alpine Merino” is the optimal one among these 3 hybrid combiations.