我国油菜产业发展成就、问题与科技对策

油菜作为产油效率最高的油料作物之一,在我国食用油供给中占有重要地位。1960年至今的50余年间,我国油菜产业实现了由低产向优质高产的三次跨跃,为满足不断增长的消费需求起到了至关重要的作用。目前我国食用油消费的60%以上依赖进口,油菜面积和单产徘徊不前,食用油自给率还在继续下降,国家食用油供给安全隐患日显突出。因此,迫切需要总结历史经验,以科技进步为动力,以推动油菜产业新的跨越为目标,为维护国家食用油供给安全做出新贡献。

Achievement,Problem and Scientific Policy of Rapeseed Industry Development in China

Rapeseed,one of the most efficient oil crops,occupies a pivotal position of oil supply in China.In the last 50 years,rapeseed industry experienced 3 stages of striding-development,from low yield to good quality and high yield,which played a key role in meeting the increasing edible oil demand in China.However,more than 60% of the edible oil consumption is relying on imports and the planting area and per unit area yield of rapeseed grounded to halt leading to a decreasing supply of self-sufficiency rate.The contradiction between supply and demand of edible oil will be more outstanding.Therefore,it is necessary to summarize the historical experience to draw up a strategy for rapeseed industry by relying on science and technology,which will enable China to go a step further in edible oil production.