基于三维点云的灌浆后期玉米植株形态变化研究

快速、准确地获取玉米三维数据是玉米形态结构和功能分析研究的基础。然而，玉米单株和群体原位数据获取存在田间气流稳定性差、器官交叉遮挡严重、高温高湿环境不利于仪器连续工作等问题。因此，采用破坏性取样的方法研究玉米植株的形态变化过程，对玉米植株形态结构数据获取方式的确定具有重要意义。利用三维扫描仪对灌浆后期的两个氮肥处理玉米植株进行不同扫描时间的三维点云数据获取，并通过点云数据分析各叶片的形态变化过程。试验结果表明：从田间原位到室内可控环境下，在取样后2 h以内，玉米植株的形态变化最小，与田间原位的形态结构最为接近。上述结果为玉米植株破坏性取样提供理论依据，也为玉米结构功能模型研究提供数据获取技术支持。

Morphological Changes of Maize Plants at Late Grain Filling Stages Based on 3D Point Cloud

Rapid and accurate acquisition of maize 3-dimensional (3D) data is the basis for analyzing maize morphological structure and function. However, there are some problems in situ field data acquisition of individual plant and colony, including poor airflow stability, severe organ cross-screen, high temperature and humidity environment, which are not conducive to continuous instrument operation. Therefore, it is significant to study the morphological changes of destructive maize sampling plants which determe method of acquiring morphological structure data. This study obtained 3D point cloud data of maize plants treated with 2 nitrogen fertilizer at grain-filling stage for different time intervals by laser scanner; and analyzed the morphological changes of all leaves using point cloud data. Results showed that the morphological changes of maize plants were the least within 2 h after sampling from in situ field to the indoor controllable environment, and its morphological structure was the closest to field plants. The above results provided theoretical basis for destructive sampling of maize plants, and also technically supported acquiring data to study maize structure functional models.