早中晚兼用型广适性优质稻新品种黄华占的选育及其应用研究

黄华占是我国矮化育种、超高产育种和优质稻育种成果的综合集成。黄华占比优质稻对照种粤香占和特籼占25增产且显著提高了蒸煮和外观品质；比七桂占增产30%；比汕优63增产极显著,且早熟6 d,品质高3个级别,达国标优质稻一级；与两优培九平产,早熟7 d,品质高2个级别,达部颁优质稻1等。黄华占大面积生产表现优良的耐热性、广适性和耐肥抗倒性强,已通过广东、湖北、湖南、广西、海南、浙江6省（区）审定,江西省南昌市和上饶市引种许可,2010年上升国家长江中下游、云南省、陕西省和重庆市区试复试。迄今利用黄华占已育成5个审定品种和4个新品系。该种南方稻区种植面积已达100.68万hm2,创社会经济效益34亿元。

Breeding and Application of Huanghuazhan, a New Early, Middle or Late Rice Variety with Good Quality and Wide Adaptability

Huanghuazhan is a rice variety developed by integrated breeding objectives of semi-dwarf, super high yield and good quality in China. With better quality than controls of Yuexiangzhan and Texianzhan 25 in cooking quality and exterior appearance, Huanghuazhan also has higher yield  than that of controls. Its yield is 30% higher than Qiguizhan. Besides yielding higher than Shanyou 63, it matures 6 days earlier. Its quality is of the first grade by international rice standard and 3 grades above Shanyou 63. It yields the same as Liangyoupeijiu, but matures 7 days early than Liangyoupeijiu. And its quality is of first grade by the rice criterion of Agriculture Ministry, 2 grades higher than Liangyoupeijiu. In production of extensive areas, Huanghuazhan is tolerant to high temperature with wide adaptability and strong resistance to lodging. It has been registered in 5 Provinces and 1 Autonomous Region as Guangdong, Hubei, Hunan, Guangxi, Hainan, Zhejiang, and was introduced into Nanchang, Shangrao Cities of Jiangxi Province. It will be advanced to re-trials in Chongqing City, Shanxi, Yunnan Provinces, and the midle and low reaches of Yangtze River in 2010. Up to now, 5 varieties and 4 elite lines have been derived from Huanghuazhan. Huanghuazhan has been planted in 1.0068 million hm2 in southern China rice production region and has gained 3.4 billion Yuan in social economic benefits.