我国肉羊生产技术效率及科技进步贡献分析

近年来，我国羊肉市场供不应求，价格快速上涨，直接影响着广大边疆少数民族地区居民的基本生活，从而也影响着这些地区的社会稳定。保持我国肉羊产业持续发展，必须主要依靠技术进步和技术效率提高，因此，从肉羊产业投入产出分析入手，用随机型参数方法测算了1990-2012年七个肉羊主产省区的技术效率，并进一步测算了科技进步率和科技进步贡献份额。研究结果表明：技术效率逐年增长，2012年平均值为0.83；技术效率有地域性差异但逐年缩小；科技进步贡献份额45.9%，我国肉羊产业发展方式介于“粗放型”和“集约型”。针对研究结论，提出了重点加强品种改良和生产技术推广服务等工作以及提高饲草料转化率的政策建议。

Analysis of Technical Efficiency and Technological Progress Contribution in Mutton Sheep Production

In recent years, the demand for mutton exceeded its supply and the price in meat market rose rapidly. This situation has directly affected the basic livelihood of the residents living at border and minority areas, and the social stability in these regions is also affected. To keep the sustainable development of mutton sheep industry in China, we must rely on the technology progress and improvement of technical efficiency. Therefore, this paper analyzed the input and output of mutton sheep industry, and calculated the technical efficiency of 7 major mutton sheep producing provinces/regions from 1990 to 2012 using model parameter method. The paper also estimated the technology progress rate and its contribution share. The results showed that the technical efficiency increased year by year and the average value was 0.83 in 2012; technical efficiency has regional differences, which reduced year by year; the contribution share of technology progress is 45.9%. All these indicated that the development pattern of mutton sheep industry in China is between ‘extensive form’ and ‘intensive form’. In view of this conclusion, the paper put forward policy suggestions as strengthening breed improvement and service for production technology promotion, and improving forage conversion rate.