我国玉米生产现状及发展变革

近年来，随着农业供给侧结构性改革的实施，玉米价格回落，玉米生产出现了高生产、高库存、效益低、卖粮难等突出问题，农民种植积极性受挫，玉米生产面临变革。未来玉米产业如何定位、如何发展，种植面积调减只是第一步，更为重要的是对玉米生产各环节的优化和升级。通过梳理我国当前玉米生产、消费和需求现状，从农业种植结构、劳动力结构变化、生产经营方式、品种创新、质量安全、生产潜力提高等方面进行了分析研究，提出了优化产业结构、稳定玉米生产，适应劳动力变化、加快土地集中耕种、提高种植效益，加快玉米品种原始创新、培育多元优质高效型品种，多措并举、提高玉米安全质量，种养结合、培肥地力、持续提高玉米生产潜力等具体措施。最终实现多元、优质、高产、高效及生态、智慧、可持续的玉米生产现代化。

Preliminary Exploration on Current Situation and Development of Maize Production in China

In recent years, with the implementation of the structural reform of the agricultural supply side, the price of maize has fallen back. There are some outstanding problems in the production of maize, such as high production, high inventory, low efficiency, difficult to sell grain and other prominent problems. Farmers’ enthusiasm for planting is frustrated, and maize production facing change. To position and develop maize industry in the future,the reduction of planting area is only the first step, and more importantly, the optimization and upgrading of all links of maize production. Based on the current situation of maize production, consumption and demand in China, this paper analyzed and studied the agricultural planting structure, labor force structure change, production and operation mode, variety innovation, quality and safety, production potential improvement, etc.. It also put forward some concrete measures, such as optimizing industrial structure, stabilizing corn production, adapting to the changes of labor force, speeding up the centralized cultivation of land, improving the planting efficiency, speeding up the original innovation of corn varieties, cultivating multiple high quality and efficient varieties, taking multiple measures at the same time, improving the safety quality of corn, combining utilization and improvement, fertilizing the soil and continuously improving the production potential of corn. Finally, the modernization of corn production would be realized, which was diversified, high quality, high yield, efficient, ecological, intelligent and sustainable.