北疆盐碱地空间分布特征分析

为了探究北疆盐碱地空间分布过程中盐碱化程度与经度、纬度及海拔高度之间的关系，基于1985年土壤调查结果，结合2015年Landest 8遥感解译去除人工绿洲结果，采用2 km×2 km网格单元，以盐碱地面积占总面积的比例作为检验区域盐碱化程度的指标，对盐碱地分布情况进行统计和分析。结果表明，北疆地区盐碱化程度受地形和降水的影响明显，特别是受土壤类型的影响更为密切；北疆地区盐碱化程度，由西向东呈增大趋势（P=0838），主要集中分布在E90°～E96°范围内，盐碱土占总面积的比例为7562%；由南向北呈减小趋势（P=-0768），主要集中分布在N40°～N43°范围内，盐碱土占总面积的比例为7782%；由低到高呈减小趋势（P=-0767），主要集中分布在-160～500 m范围内，盐碱土占总面积的比例为4741%。北疆盐碱地空间分布特征的分析对于揭示北疆盐碱化程度的变化规律，促进北疆盐碱土资源的合理开发和维持地区生态安全具有重要的意义。

Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Analysis of Saline alkaliLand in Northern Xinjiang

In order to explore the relationship between salinization degree and longitude, latitude and altitude in spatial distribution of saline alkali land in northern Xinjiang, based on soil survey results in 1985, combined with the results removing artificial oasis by Landest 8 remote sensing interpretation in 2015, taken the ratio of the area of saline alkali land to total area as an indicator of the degree of salinization in the test area, the distribution of saline alkali land in the area was analyzed by using 2 km × 2 km grid unit. The results showed that the degree of salinization in northern Xinjiang was obviously affected by topography and precipitation, especially by soil types. The degree of salinization in northern Xinjiang region increased from west to east (P=0838), mainly concentrated in the range of E90°～E96°, and saline alkaline soil accounted for 7562% to the total area. It tended to decrease from south to north (P=-0768), mainly concentrated in the range of N40°～N43°. The proportion of saline alkali soil area in the total area is 7782%. From low to high along the altitude, the trend was decreasing (P=-0774), mainly concentrated in the range of -160～500 m, and the ratio of saline alkaline soil to total area was 4741%. Analysis of the spatial distribution characteristics of saline alkali land in northern Xinjiang was of great significance for revealing the variation law of salinization degree in northern Xinjiang, promoting the rational development of saline alkaline soil resources in northern Xinjiang and maintaining regional ecological security.