不同地理种源北柴胡种子性状及植株生长分析

我国北柴胡分布广，各地均有种植，但由于引种来源、种植技术和管理模式的差异，导致市售北柴胡药材性状不一、质量不稳、药效不可控。鉴定分析了我国7省份10产地栽培的北柴胡种子的地理变异、种子特性及植株生长状况，探讨了不同种源北柴胡种子和植株变异与生态环境相关性。结果表明，不同种源的北柴胡种子长度、宽度、厚度、千粒重及含水量等指标均存在显著性差异（P<0.05），种子千粒重与经度呈明显正相关，含水量与年降雨量呈明显正相关，其他地理生态因子与种子性状相关性不显著；不同种源北柴胡植株地上部和地下部生长存在显著差异（P<0.05），植株的茎粗与纬度呈明显的正相关，根茎干重与年均日照呈明显的正相关；欧式距离聚类分析显示10个产地北柴胡种子和植株聚为4类，不同类别植株和种子存在差异。

Analysis of Seed Characteristics and Plant Growth Status ofBupleurum chinense From Different Geographical Provenances

Bupleurum chinense DC. is widely distributed in China and planted in many provinces, but the source of seeds, planting technology and management mode are different, which lead different characteristics, unstable quality and uncontrollable medicinal properties of Radix Bupleuri. The geographical variation, morphologica characteristics and plant growth status of the B. chinense seeds from 10 locations in 7 provinces of China were measured and analyzed, and the correlation of the variation of B. chinense seeds and plants were discussed. The results showed that there were significant differences in the seed length, width, thickness, 1 000 grain weight and water content of B.chinense seeds from different locations (P<0.05). The 1 000 grain weight was positively correlated with longitude；there was a significant positive correlation in water content and annual rainfall. The correlations between other geographical ecological factors and seed characteristics were not significant. The growth status of aboveground and underground parts of B. chinense plants showed significant differences (P<0.05), plant stem diameter was positively correlated with the latitude, and the root dry weight was significantly positively correlated with the annual average sunshine. Euclidean distance cluster analysis showed that the B.chinense seeds from 10 locations were clustered into four categories and there were difference between catedories.