我国种业发展的主要问题及对策探析

种业是农业的“芯片”，是保障粮食安全的根本和实现农业现代化的基础。种业竞争是科技的竞争，种业作为战略性核心产业受到高度重视。基于种业发展现状分析了我国种业当前存在的主要问题：①种质资源保护、利用不足；②科研自主创新能力不足，科研创新体系不完善；③产品同质化严重；④种企大部分呈“小、散、弱”的状态，种业竞争力不强。针对上述问题提出了相应对策：①实施种质资源国家保护战略，完善种质资源保护体系；②提升种业自主创新能力；③保护种业知识产权；④促进育繁推一体化和种企兼并重组。以期为种业创新提供参考，推动种业高质量发展。

The Main Problems and Countermeasures of Seed Industry Development in China

Seed industry is the “chip” of agriculture, and the basis to ensure food security and realize agricultural modernization. Seed industry competition isthat of science and technology, so it is unprecedentedly attented as a strategic core industry. Based on the present situation of seed industry in China, the main problems were analyzed: ① protection and utilization of germplasm resources was insufficient; ② independent innovation ability of scientific research was insufficient, and the innovation system of scientific research was not perfect; ③ product homogeneity were serious; ④ most of the enterprises were “small, scattered and weak”, the seed industry competitiveness was not strong. To solve these problems, the countermeasures were put forward: ① implement the national protection strategy of germplasm resources and improve the protection system of germplasm resources; ② improve the seed industry independent innovation ability; ③ protect intellectual property rights of seed industry; ④ promote the integration of breeding, reproduction and promotion and the merger and reorganization of seed enterprises. Above would provide reference for seed industry innovation and promote high-quality development of seed industry.