胶东地区日光温室周年温湿度变化规律分析及预测

为探究胶东地区日光温室内部环境的变化情况及对番茄栽培的适宜性，并对内部温湿度进行预测，利用不同传感器，全天候监测并分析了2019-06-01至2020-05-31温室内外温湿度，同时建立了该地区日光温室内部不同季节不同天气条件下气温及相对湿度的预测模型，并利用根均方差（RMSE）进行统计分析。结果表明，日光温室内部7月平均气温最高，1月平均温度最低，分别为29.7和14.1 ℃。温室内春秋季日期数较外部增加了78 d，冬季减少了118 d。不利于番茄生长的时期集中在夏季和冬季，温室内易产生夏季高温低湿、冬季低温高湿现象。温室内气温、相对湿度预测模型的预测值与实际值的平均RMSE值分别为4.1 ℃、10.1%，模型的模拟效果整体较好。

Analysis and Prediction on the Annual Temperature and Humidity Change of Solar Greenhouse in Jiaodong Area

In order to investigate the changes in the internal environment of the solar greenhouse in Jiaodong area and its suitability for tomato cultivation, and to predict the internal air temperature and relative humidity, different sensors were applied to monitor and analyze the air temperature and relative humidity inside and outside the greenhouse from June 01, 2019 to May 31, 2020. At the same time, predictive models of air temperature and relative humidity in different seasons and different weather conditions inside the solar greenhouse were established, and the root mean square error (RMSE) was used to analyze the models. The results indicated that: the average air temperature inside the solar greenhouse was highest in July and lowest in January, at 29.7 and 14.1 ℃, respectively. Compared with the outside, the number of dates in spring and autumn inside the greenhouse increased by 78 d, and decreased by 118 d in the winter. The periods that were not conducive to tomato growth were concentrated in summer and winter. High temperature with low humidity, low temperature with high humidity were prone to occur inside the greenhouse in summer and winter. The average RMSE value of the predicted value and actual value of the air temperature and relative humidity predictive models inside the greenhouse were 4.1 ℃ and 10.1%, respectively. The simulated effect of the models was generally good.