活性腐殖酸缓释肥替代尿素对徐麦新品种产量和群体质量的影响

为探究活性腐殖酸缓释肥（slow-released fertilizer，SRF）替代尿素对徐麦新品种的增产效果，采用三因素裂区设计，以2个供试品种徐麦2023、徐麦38为主区，设尿素和缓释肥2个基肥种类，根据不同氮肥追肥方式设置5个处理（A1、A2、A3、A4、A5），探究不同氮肥处理对2个小麦新品种产量及其构成因素、叶面积指数、茎蘖数、茎蘖成穗率、干物质积累、收获指数（harvest index，HI）的影响，并分析产量与各主要群体质量指标的相关关系。结果表明，籽粒产量与总结实粒数、花后干物质积累量、收获指数、粒重叶面积比均呈显著正相关（P<0.05）；2个品种产量均表现为在A1处理下最低，施用缓释肥增产潜力均高于施用尿素；各追肥方式中以返青期追施缓释肥处理增产效果最好；与农民惯用施肥模式（基肥和拔节肥均施用尿素）相比，播种前和返青期2次施用缓释肥可使徐麦2023和徐麦38分别增产2.86%和3.06%，表明该施肥模式在生产上具有较高的增产潜力和应用价值。

Effects of Slow-released Fertilizer Compound Humic Acid Instead of Urea on Grain Yield and Population Quality in Xumai New Varieties

In order to explore the promoting effects of slow-released fertilizer （SRF） compound humic acid instead of urea on grain yield. A three-factor split block was designed， and Xumai 2023 and Xumai 38 were selected as main plot， slow-released fertilizer and urea as 2 base fertilizer types and five treatment （A1， A2， A3， A4， A5） were set according to different nitrogen topdressing methods. To explore the effects of different nitrogen application on grain yield and its components， leaf area index （LAI）， stem and tiller number， earbearing tiller percentages， dry matter accumulation， and harvest index （HI）. Meanwhile， the correlation analysis between grain yield and population quality characteristics was also detected. The results showed that grain yield was significant positively with total setting kernels， dry matter accumulation after anthesis， harvest index and grain/leaf area（P<0.05）. The yield of the 2 varieties was the lowest under A1 treatment， and the yield increasing potential of slow-release fertilizer was higher than that of urea； among the topdressing methods， the topdressing of slow-release fertilizer at the regreening stage had the best yield increase effect. Compared with the conventional fertilization mode of farmer （urea was applied to both base fertilizer and jointing fertilizer）， the application of slow-release fertilizer twice before sowing and regreening period increased the yield of Xumai 2023 and Xumai 38 by 2.86% and 3.06%， respectively， indicating that this fertilization mode has high yield increasing potential and application value in production.