Norovirus分子生物学特征及其亚基疫苗研究进展

诺如病毒(norovirus, NV)是导致人类非细菌性急性胃、肠炎的主要病原,该病毒可以感染各年龄段人群,全年均可爆发,特别是婴幼儿、老年人和免疫系统缺陷病人属于易感人群。目前临床防治或控制norovirus疫情爆发的重要手段之一是使用疫苗。基于此,对norovirus发现、流行病学特征、分子生物学特征和norovirus疫苗的研究进展加以综述。同时,在比较norovirus的病毒类似颗粒(virus-like particles, VLPs)和P粒子(P particles)与人组织血型抗原亲合能力的基础上,对利用植物系统特别是番茄果实生产适于口服norovirus的P粒子作为亚基疫苗优势和存在难点以及本实验室的研究进展进行了讨论,以期为利用植物系统表达口服疫苗研究提供一些借鉴。

Research Progress on Molecular Biology Feature of Noroviruses and its Subunit Vaccine

Noroviruses (NVs) are recognized as the leading pathogen causing nonbacterial acute gastroenteritis epidemics. NVs can infect people of all ages and break out all year-round. Infant, children, the elderly and immunodeficiency people are more vulnerable. At present, vaccine is one of the most effective way to prevent (or control) the outbreak of noroviruses disease in clinic. Based on this, this paper reviewed the finding, epidemiological and molecular biological features of noroviruses and the research progress on its subunit vaccine. Through comparing the affinity to human histo-blood group antigen(HBGAs) between virus-like particles (VLPs) and P particles of noroviruses, the advantages and difficulties of producing oral P as subunit vaccine against noroviruses was discussed using plant expression systems especially tomato. The progress on the expressing P particles by transforming tomato in our laboratory was introduced simply, hoping to provide some references for producing oral vaccine by plant expression systems.