基于宏基因组学16S rDNA测序对烟草根际土壤细菌群落组成分析

为了研究烟草根际土壤细菌多样性,了解其细菌群落的组成和结构,从而为健康植烟土壤生态系统的构建和保持提供理论依据和指导。以2014年四川凉山州健康烟株现蕾期根际土壤为研究样本,利用Illumina平台Miseq高通量测序技术对烟草根际土壤细菌16S rDNA进行高通量测序分析。结果表明:烟草根际土壤微生物多样性水平较高,不同样品间主要菌落分布结构相对稳定。在门分类水平上,共检测分类25个菌门,其中变形菌门占有明显优势(39.04%~53.71%),其次为拟杆菌门、酸杆菌门、疣微菌门;在属分类水平上,共检测分类576类菌属,鞘脂单胞菌属、Flavisolibacter、Ohtaekwangia为烟草根际土壤细菌明显优势菌属。大部分主要菌群之间存在明显正相关关系,对烟草根际土壤细菌影响较大的环境因子为土壤速效氮、含水量和pH。运用宏基因组学16S rDNA测序技术获取的烟草根际土壤细菌信息较为丰富,为健康植烟土壤机制研究提供新的理论参考。

Analysis of Bacterial Community Structure in Rhizosphere Soil of Tobacco based on the Metagenomics 16S rDNA Sequencing Technology

In order to investigate the diversity of bacteria in tobacco rhizosphere soil, and learn the bacteria community composition and structure, this paper carried out studies and tried to provide theoretical basis and guidance for constructing a healthy tobacco soil ecosystem. Taking tobacco rhizosphere soil (squaring stage) from Liangshan prefecture of Sichuan province in 2014 as sample, using high-throughput sequencing technology on Illumina Miseq platform, this study analyzed the soil bacteria 16S rDNA of tobacco root. The results showed that the bacterial diversity of tobacco rhizosphere soil was high, distribution structure of the main colonies among different samples were relatively stable. About phylum, there were 25 bacteria phylum detected and classified, among which Proteobacteria took clear superiority (39.04%~53.71%), followed by Bacteroidetes, Acidobacteria and Verrucomicrobia. About classification of bacteria genus, there was 576 bacteria genus detected and classified, among which Sphingomonas, Flavisolibacter and Ohtaekwangia took obvious advantages. There was a significant positive correlation between most of the major bacterial flora. The larger environmental factors influencing tobacco rhizosphere soil bacteria were soil available N, water content and pH. The bacterial information of tobacco rhizosphere soil was obtained by the 16S rDNA sequencing technology of metagenomics. This paper provided a new theoretical reference for studying the soil mechanism of healthy tobacco planting.