创新理论与农业创新系统

农业的发展依赖于农业创新，理解农业创新必须基于系统的视角。以创新理论为基础，结合部门创新系统理论与诱致性创新理论，进行农业创新系统分析。对农业创新系统的分析不仅要重视其结构要素（资源禀赋、知识基础与技术、行为主体与网络、制度和需求）；更要注重其功能实现（即农业创新系统中七个关键过程，即知识开发、对研究方向的影响、创业者试验、市场形成、制度化、资源调动和外部经济开发，它们的实际表现如何）。农业创新系统功能实现的影响因素包括其结构要素、运行机制及其外部环境。农业创新系统的发展要求识别诱致或阻碍其发展的运行机制，并找到相关的政策问题，从而对结构要素与运行机制进行调整，以实现其功能。

Innovation Theory and Agricultural Innovation System

Agricultural development depends on agricultural innovation, and comprehensive understanding about agriculture development must be conducted from the system perspective. Based on the innovation theory and the integration of sectoral innovation systems theory and induced innovation theory, this paper proposes a new model of agricultural innovation system. The author believes that to analyze the agricultural innovation system must pay attention not only to its structure essentials (resource endowment, knowledge base and technology, actors and network, institution and demand), but also to its function achievement (7 key processes in agricultural innovation system, i.e. knowledge development, resource mobilization, market formation, impact on research direction, entrepreneurial experimentation, institutionalization, development of external economy, and their actual performance). The influence factors of agricultural innovation system include its structural elements, operating mechanism, and external surrounding. The development of agriculture innovation system requires identifying mechanism that blocked its development; finding out relevant policy; and constantly adjusting its structural elements and operating mechanism.