基于表面等离子体共振的核酸传感器研究进展

表面等离子体共振(surface plasmon resonance,SPR)生物传感器是一种基于物理光学原理的新型生化分析系统。近年来,因其具有无需标记、高灵敏度、高特异性、实时和快速等优势而广泛应用于各个领域,如临床诊断、转基因成分定性及定量检测、病毒鉴定、环境微生物检测、药物筛选及遗传分析等。它在不需要标记甚至无需纯化生物组分的天然条件下,将核酸探针作为识别因子修饰到传感器芯片表面上,并可实时监测一些特殊的分子互作信息。然而,基于SPR技术的核酸传感器鲜有系统性的报道,因此对有关表面等离子体共振现象的形成及其作为核酸敏感检测手段的原理、应用及发展趋势等问题作了简要的介绍,旨在为生物传感研究提供相应的参考依据。

Research Progress on Nucleic Acid Sensors Based on Surface Plasmon Resonance

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor is a novel type of biochemical analysis system based on the principle of physical optics. In recent years, due to its advantages of label-free, high sensitivity and specificity, real-time and rapid detection, it has been widely applied in various fields, such as clinical diagnosis, qualitative and quantitative detection of genetically modified organism, virus identification, environmental control, drug screening and genetic analysis. DNA probes without labeling or even purification could be immobilized onto the surface of the sensor chip as a recognition factor, and then the biosensor would monitor some specific binding information. However, there were rare reports about this technology and biosensor for nucleic acids analysis. Therefore, in order to provide some references for biosensor research, this paper briefly introduced the formation of surface plasmon resonance phenomena and its mechanisms, principles, applied fields and development trends as sensitive detection methods for nucleic acids.