新疆菊科植物柄锈菌属分类研究

菊科植物(Compsitae)在新疆具有重要经济价值,主要的有油料作物,常用的中草药,重要的早春牧草,固沙植物,蜜源植物和观赏植物等,柄锈菌属(Puccinia)是菊科植物重要的病原真菌。作者1987～1988年采集并收集整理八一农学院真菌标本室保存的自60年代起至今在全疆各地采集的菊科植物锈病标本共103份,经光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜下观察各份标本的的夏孢子,冬孢子形态,参考性孢子器及锈孢子器形态和寄主,分类鉴定出新疆菊科植物柄锈菌28个种,18个已知种,10个是全国新记录:Puccinia saussureae;P.artemisicola;P.cousiniae;P.sonchina;P.chondrillina;P.crepidis-sibiricae;P.artemisiae-norvegicae;P.peisisca;P.xanthii;P.cichorii。寄主植物隶属于菊科21个属,34个种,所有引证标本保存在新疆八一农学院真菌标本室(HMAAC)。

Taxonomic Study on Puccinia on Compositae in Xinjiang

The Compositae are economically important Plant, Many species of Puccinia are the more important pathogenic fungi on Compasitae. Based on the works of former scholars, the puccinia parasitic on Compositae is studied in Xinjiang. The author examined and differentiated 103 specimens of rust on Compositae collected throught Xinjiang. After morphological studies under microscope and scanning electro-microscope by observing urediospore, teliospore and in somecase with spemogone and aecidium. Their classification, described their characteristics of each species, their host range and geographical distribution are discussed. In this paper 28 species of Puccinia parasitic on Compositae are repoted, among which, 18 species are known species and 10 species are new records in China: Puccinia saussureae; P. artemisicola; P. cousiniae; P. sonchina; P. chondrillina; P. crepidis-sibiricae; P. artemisiae-norvegicae; P. persica; P. xanthii; P. cichorii. Their host plant belong to 21 genera and 34 species of Comositae. All the specimens cited above are deprited in the Mycological Herbarium of Xinjiang August First Agricultural College.