光胁迫下氮肥运筹对棉花生长发育与产量的影响

以中棉所49号为材料,采用裂区试验设计,主区为遮阴50%和不遮阴(CK),副区为纯氮320kg/hm2基础上氮肥运筹分别是氮肥前移(N1)、正常施肥(N2)、氮肥前移量较大(N3)三个水平,研究光胁迫下氮肥运筹对棉花生长发育、生物量积累及产量的影响。结果表明:遮阴比不遮阴皮棉减产35.61%,且生育期延长15~18d;氮肥前移N1和N3分别比正常追肥N2早吐絮6,5d,缩短了棉花的生育期;遮阴条件下适量的氮肥前移N1有效增加了株高、真叶数和倒四叶宽,有利于棉花生物量的积累,皮棉产量达2 534.56kg/hm2,比N2、N3分别增加18.90%和29.01%。弱光胁迫下适量的氮肥前移可缩短棉花生育期,显著增加单株铃数和单铃重,以提高产量。

Effects of Nitrogen Application on Cotton Growth and Yield under Light Stress

The main purpose of this experiment was to research the effects of nitrogen application on the growth and development and biomass accumulation and yield of cotton under light stress,the test materials from Hybrid CRI47 were designed by split plot, 50% shading and CK assigned to the main plot,deputy plot was 320 kg/hm2 of pure nitrogen,on the basis of nitrogen application N1 ,N2 and N3 were three levels. The results showed that the yield of shading lint were decreased by 35.61% ,compared with CK and growth duration extended by 15--18 d,nitrogen fertilizer formard N1 and N3,the boll opening when nitrogen fertilizer forward N1 occurred earlier for six and five days than that when normal dressing fertilizer N2 respectively, and the growth period of cotton shortened;A moderate amount of nitrogen fertilizer forward N1 increased the plant height, true leaf number and width of the fourth leaf from top effectively, promoted the accumulation of biomass of cotton under shading, lint yield was 2 534.56 kg/hm2 ,increased by 18.90 % and 29.01% compared with N2 and N3. A moderate amount of nitrogen fertilizer forward could shorten the growth period of cotton,increase boils number and boll weight significantly under light stress.