基于ISSR的葡萄品种亲缘关系分析及其指纹图谱构建

以19份葡萄品种为材料，采用ISSR分子标记对其品种间的亲缘关系进行研究，通过非加权配对算术平均法（UPGMA）进行数据分析，建立亲缘关系图，利用筛选出的引物构建葡萄品种的DNA指纹图谱。结果表明，从86条ISSR引物中筛选出14条多态性较丰富且稳定的引物，共扩增出136条带，其中多态性条带125条，多态性百分率为91．91％。各材料间遗传相似系数在0．54～0．83，平均遗传相似系数为0．685。在遗传相似系数为0．54时，可将19份葡萄材料明显分为2大类。利用2条ISSR引物UBC815和UBC855构建了14个葡萄品种的DNA指纹图谱。分析表明，ISSR标记多态性较为丰富，适合葡萄品种亲缘关系分析及图谱构建，并可为品种鉴定提供理论依据。

Analysis of Genetic Relationship and Establishment of DNA Fingerprinting for Grape Varieties by ISSR Markers

Nineteen portions of grape varieties were used as the experimental materials to research the relationship of the cultivars by ISSR markers.Using pairing arithmetic average unweighted （UPGMA） to analyze data and establish kinship diagram.The DNA fingerprinting for grape varieties was established by using some selected primers.The results showed that 14 rich and stable polymorphic primers were screened out from 86 ISSR primers,from which 136 bands were amplified,among which there were 125 polymorphic bands, the polymorphism percentage were 91.91% .The genetic similarity coefficient of all materials ranged from 0.54 to 0.83 ,and the average genetic similarity coefficient was 0.685. Nineteen portions of grape varie- ties can be divided into two distinct categories when the genetic similarity coefficient was 0.54. The DNA fingerprints of 14 grape varieties were established by using 2 ISSR primers,UBC815 and UBC855.Analysis showed that the ISSR marker polymorphism is rich, suitable for analysis of genetic relationship and establishment of DNA fingerprinting of grape varieties and can provide theoretical basis to identify varieties.