夏秋季太湖4个控藻区鳙体内微囊藻毒素累积分析

为探讨微囊藻毒素(Microcystin,MCs)对水产品食用安全性的影响,于2015年6月向太湖4个控藻区(竺山湖、月亮湾、三国城、乌龟山)水体中投放规格约3 g/尾的鳙Aristichthys nobilis幼鱼,8—11月每月中旬从各控藻区固定采集鳙样本15尾,分别测定水体、鳙不同组织和器官中MCs的含量,并结合各控藻区的水质指标分析了MCs在鳙体内的累积规律及影响因子。结果表明:4个控藻区鳙不同组织和器官中总MCs含量依次为肌肉肝胰脏血清,且肌肉、肝胰脏中累积的总MCs极显著高于血清(P0.01);肌肉、肝胰脏和血清中MCs的累积在不同控藻区间均无显著性差异(P0.05);鳙肌肉、肝胰脏和血清中MCs的累积月份间有极显著性差异(P0.01);水温和藻类胞内MCs含量对血清、肝胰脏和肌肉中MCs的累积均有极显著影响(P0.01),体长对血清、肝胰脏中的MCs累积也有极显著影响(P0.01);蓝藻爆发期间,MCs含量较高,据世界卫生组织(WHO)建议的MC-LR日允许摄入量,4个湖区中每日人均可摄入鳙肉229.62~977.20 g,并不会给人类健康造成危害。本研究可为微囊藻毒素在鳙体内不同组织、器官的积累效应和水产品食用安全风险评估提供理论依据。

Accumulation of microcystins in bighead carp Aristichthys nobilis in four alga control areas of Taihu Lake in summer and autumn

Juvenile bighead carp Aristichthys nobilis with body weight of about 3 g were stocked into four alga con-trol areas including Zhushan bay, Moon bay, Three kingdoms city and Turtle mountain in Taihu Lake at a rate of 1. 5 individuals/m2 in June 2015, and microcystin (MCs) levels were monthly determined in water and tissues of the bighead carp sampled from the four alga control areas from August 2015 to November 2015 to evaluate the effect of MCs on aquatic edible products during the eruption period of cyanobacteria. It was found that the order of MCs accumulation in different tissues and organs of bighead carp was ranged from high to low as:muscle>hepatopancre-as>serum, the accumulation of MCs very significantly higher in muscle and hepatopancreas than that in serum ( P<0. 01), and without significant difference among muscle, hepatopancreas and serum in different areas (P>0. 05). In different month, however, there was significant difference in MCs accumulation among muscle, hepatopancreas and serum(P<0. 01). The accumulation of MCs in muscle, hepatopancreas and serum was very significantly influ-enced by water temperature and the MCs level in the algae in water(P<0. 01), body length showing very significant impacting on the accumulation of MCs in hepatopancreas and serum(P<0. 01). The higher level of MCs in bighead carp was observed during the outbreak of cyanobacteria. According to the recommended daily intakes of MC-LR from WHO, the daily intake of 229. 62-977. 20 g for bighead carp in the four areas is suggested without human health risk. The findings provide reference with assessment of accumulation of MCs in bighead carp and food safety.