香稻品种香味性状的遗传研究

通过对赣优晚、赣香糯２个江西名优香稻品种香味性状的遗传模式及基因等位性进行较为系统的研究，推断这２个香稻品种叶片香味性状和稻术香味性状的表现受相同的基因所支配；香味性状受核内隐性单基因控制，可能存在修饰基因的作用，但与细胞质基因无关，也不存在母体效应；２个香稻品种间香味隐性基因互为等位。试验结果还揭示无香味表现胚乳直感现象，植株叶片的香味受孢子体（２ｎ）基因型控制，稻米的香味表现则由胚乳（３ｎ）基因型决定。研究结果表明２个香稻品种的香味性状在育种上是容易转移和稳定的。文中探讨了它们在香稻品种选育及香型杂交水稻选育中的利用价值和途经，并讨论了香稻品种保纯中的隔离问题。

Studies on Inheretance of Aroma Characters of Scented Rice

We systematically studied genetic model and gene allelism of aroma characters of twofamous quality scented rice varieties in Jiangxi, Ganyouwan and Ganxiangnuo,The results showed thatthe same gene controlled expression of aroma characters of leaves and grains of the two scented ricevarieties. Aroma characters were controlled by recessive single gene in cell nucleus and probably hadthe effect of a modifier gene,but no relation to cytoplasmic gene and no maternal effect.Recessivearoma gene of the two scented rice varieties was allelic,The results also revealed the unscentedexpressed endcaperm xenity,Aroma in the leaves of plant was controlled by sporophyte(2n)genotype,expression of rice grains aroma by endcoperm(3n)genotype. Aroma characters of the twoscented rice varieties are easily transferred and are stabilized in breeding.The use value and way inbreeding scented rice variety and scented hybrid rice parents and problem of their segregation inkeephing the purity of scented rice variety were discussed.