拉枝对苹果幼树生长发育的影响

研究了刻芽和拉枝处理对苹果幼树生长发育的影响。结果表明:当刻芽伤口到芽体的距离为6 mm时,萌芽率达到最高(90.5%)。当拉枝角度为45°时,枝条的加长生长量最大;在70°时加粗生长量最大;在90°时萌芽率最高(74.0%)。当拉枝角度为110°时叶片含水量最高(63.9%)。叶片总叶绿素含量在拉枝角度为70°时达到最高(3.190 mg/g)。拉枝角度为45°时,叶片含氮量极显著高于其它处理;在110°时叶片中磷、钾、铜、锰的含量均最高;当拉枝角度为70°时,叶片中镁、铁、锌含量均达到最高。叶片中总碳含量随着拉枝角度的增大而减少。新梢中碳和氮含量均在90°时最高,但C/N在110°时最大。

Effects of Branch-bending on Growth and Development of Young Apple Trees

The effects of bud-notching and branch-bending on the growth and development of young apple trees were studied.The results showed that: when the distance between notching wound and bud was 6 mm,the germination rate was maximum,and reached 90.5%.When the angle of branch-bending was 45°,the lengthening growth quantity of the branches was the largest.When the angle of branch-bending was 70°,the thickening growth quantity of the branches was the largest.The highest germination rate(74.0%) was found in 90° branch-bending treatment.When the angle of branch-bending was 110°,the leaf water content was the highest(63.9%).The total chlorophyll content in leaf was the highest(3.190 mg/g) in the treatment of 70° branch-bending.The leaf nitrogen content in 45° branch-bending treatment was extremely significantly higher than that of other treatments.In the treatment of 110° branch-bending,the contents of phosphorus,potassium,copper and manganese in leaf were all the highest.While in the treatment of 70° branch-bending,the contents of magnesium,iron and zinc in leaf were the highest.The total carbon content in leaf decreased when the angle of branch-bending increased.In the new shoots,the carbon and nitrogen contents were maximum at 90°,while the C/N was the highest at 110°.