不同烤烟品种经济烘烤效率和叶片失水特性差异研究

选用K326和红花大金元(HD)两个烤烟品种,在气流下降式烤房(对照)、烟叶专用烘烤烤箱的35℃和38℃两个变黄条件下,研究了烘烤过程中不同烤烟品种经济烘烤效率、叶片失水特性及其对烤后烟叶质量的影响。结果表明,不同品种烤后干物质平均比烤前减少7.23%~12.38%,K326减少幅度均比HD的大。顶台干物质损失比中台和底台的多。烘烤过程中,实际失水率(FWLR)变化幅度比其它几个指标大而稳,不同品种在各种烘烤条件下的情况一致。在三种烘烤条件下,K326和HD的FWLR均随着烘烤的进行不断增加,K326的失水速度要比HD慢。在烤箱38℃变黄条件下,K326烤后烟叶质量比35℃的好,而这两个变黄温度对HD烟叶质量的影响不明显。说明烟叶更适合在38℃条件下变黄,不同烤烟品种经济烘烤效率有别,要根据烘烤特性采用相应的温湿度条件以达到最大的经济效益。

Curing Efficiency and Characteristic of Leaf Water Loss during Curing of Different Flue-cured Tobacco Varieties

Taking flue-cured tobacco varieties K326 and Honghuadajinyuan(HD) as the tested materials,under three curing conditions,namely air-descending type bulk curing barn(CK),35 ℃ specific curing box and 38 ℃ specific curing box,the curing efficiency,characteristic of leaf water loss during curing and flue-cured leaf quality of different flue-cured tobacco varieties were studied.The results showed that the average dry matter consumption during curing of two varieties was from 7.23% to 12.38%,the dry matter consumption of K326 was more than that of HD,and the dry matter loss in top tier was more than that in middle tier and bottom tier under the same curing condition.The changes of real fresh water loss rate(FWLR) of two varieties during curing were larger and more stable than those of other three indexes.Under three curing conditions,the FWLR of both K326 and HD increased in the process of curing,and it was lower in K326 than that in HD.The flue-cured leaf quality of K326 which was cured in 38 ℃ specific curing box was better that in 35 ℃ specific curing box,while these two yellowing temperatures had no significant influence on the flue-cured leaf quality of HD.