6种杀虫杀螨剂对桑树及家蚕的安全性评价

选用10．8％阿维·哒螨灵乳油、40％丙溴·辛硫磷乳油、90％灭多威可湿性粉剂、24％溴虫腈悬浮剂、40％辛硫磷乳油、73％炔螨特乳油，按不同浓度在夏、秋两季分别喷施桑树，用药后5、8、11、14d的桑叶饲喂家蚕。结果表明：2次喷施均未对桑树产生药害；除90％灭多威WP1250、2500和5000倍液处理区有中毒蚕、死蚕外，其它药剂处理区均未发现中毒蚕。用多数药剂喷施后5～11d的桑叶饲喂家蚕，均不同程度地影响了家蚕的全茧量、茧层量和茧层率；药后14d的桑叶对家蚕和茧质无明显影响。因此，在桑园中防治害虫时要严格按照推荐浓度来施用药剂，且尽量在喷施14d后采叶饲喂家蚕。

Safety Evaluation of Six Kinds of Insecticides or Acaricides to Mulberry and Silkworm

The mulberry was sprayed respectively by six kinds of insecticides or acaricides （10.8% Abamectin Pyridaben EC, 40% Propyl bromide Phoxim EC, 90% Methomyl WP, 24% Chlorfenapyr SC, 40% Phoxim EC, and 73% Propargite EC） at different dosages in summer or autumn. The mulberry leaves on the 5th, 8th, 1 lth and 14th day after being sprayed were respectively used to feed on silkworm. The results showed that the two - time spraying did not produce phytotoxicity to mulberry. Except that there were poisoning or dead silkworms in the treatments of spraying the 1250 - times, 2500 - times and 5000 - times dilutions of 90% Methomyl WP, the toxic silkworms were not found in other treatments. Using the mulberry leaves sprayed by most insecti- cides or acaricides 5 - 11 days ago to feed on silkworm affected the quantity of whole cocoon and cocoon layer as well as the cocoon layer rate of silkworm to different extents. The mulberry leaves which were sprayed 14 days ago had no obvious effects on silkworm health and cocoon quality. Therefore, the insecticides must be strictly used according to their recommended concentration in the control of insect pests in mulberry field, and the mulberry leaves should be picked and used for silkworm after spraying insecticide for over 14 days.