泸州烟区土壤pH分布特点及其与土壤养分的关系

测试分析了泸州烟区7688个土壤样本的pH,并分析了其与土壤养分的关系。结果表明:泸州烟区土壤pH总体适宜,平均为6.12,变异系数为18.76%;pH处于最适宜烤烟生长的5.5~6.5之间的土壤样本占总样本数的24.54%;pH处于适宜烤烟生长的5.0~7.0之间的土壤样本占53.15%。泸州不同烟区土壤pH高低顺序是:东部>南部>西部>北部;不同土壤类型pH大小表现为:石灰土>潮土>粗骨土>黄壤土>紫色土>水稻土。土壤pH与速效磷、速效铁、速效锰、速效铜、速效锌、速效硼、速效硫、交换性镁、交换性钙的相关性均达到1%的极显著水平。土壤pH分组后,土壤养分含量在组间存在极显著差异。泸州烟区pH在5.5~6.5间的土壤的有机质、阳离子交换量、速效氮、速效钾、速效铁、速效锰、速效铜、速效硫、交换性钙、镁的含量丰富,能够满足烤烟正常生长;速效磷、速效锌、速效硼、水溶性氯含量,在pH为5.5~6.5时的含量偏低。

Distributive Characters of Soil pH-value and Its Relationship with Soil Nutrient in Luzhou Tobacco-growing Area

The pH-values of 7688 soil samples from Luzhou tobacco-growing area were determined,and the relationship between soil pH-value and soil nutrients was analyzed.The results showed that soil pH in this area was generally suitable for the cultivation of tobacco,it had a spatial mean of 6.12 and variation coefficient of 18.76%.About 24.54% of the soil samples had pH 5.5～6.5,which was most suitable for the cultivation of high-quality tobacco.About 53.15% of the soil samples had pH 5.0～7.0,which was also good for the growth of high-quality tobacco.The soil pH-value in the different regions of Luzhou tobacco area was in the following order: east Luzhou > south Luzhou > west Luzhou > north Luzhou.The soil pH for different soil types was in the following order: calcareous soil > moisture soil > skeletal soil > yellow brown loam > purple soil > paddy soil.The correlation between soil pH-value and soil nutrient content,including available phosphorus(AP),available iron(AFe),available manganese(AMn),available copper(ACu),available Zinc(AZn),available boron(AB),available sulfur(AS),exchangeable magnesium(Mg),exchangeable calcium(Ca) was all significant at 0.01 confidence level.Significant difference in soil nutrients among different soil pH-value groups existed at 0.01 confidence level.The content of organic matter(Om),cation exchange capacity(CEC),AN,AK,AFe,AMn,ACu,AS,exchangeable Ca and exchangeable Mg in the soil with pH 5.5～6.5 was abundant,and could meet the requirement of good tobacco growth,while the content of AP,Azn,AB and water-soluble Cl in the soil with pH 5.5～6.5 was relatively low.