棉花细胞质雄性不育与育性恢复的研究与利用

对棉花细胞质雄性不育与育性恢复的研究现状进行了较为全面的综述。介绍了棉花细胞质雄性不育系、恢复系及“三系”杂种棉的选育进展，不育系花药的细胞学及其生理生化特征，细胞质雄性不育产生的分子机理，不育胞质对杂种一代的遗传效应。详细阐明了细胞质雄性不育恢复系的类型，育性恢复的遗传方式，育性恢复基因与育性增强基因之间的关系以及恢复基因的遗传定位。文中对“三系”杂种棉选育进展缓慢的原因进行了剖析，并从利用新的胞质不育类型选育优良不育系，聚合多个恢复基因和育性增强基因选育强恢复系，优化以蜜蜂为媒介的传粉体系等方面，探讨了“三系”杂种棉的发展对策。

Advance in Cytoplasmic Male Sterility and Fertility Restoration and Their Utilization in Cotton

The progresses in cotton cytoplasmic male sterility and fertility restoration were reviewed systematically in this paper.Development of cytoplasmic male sterile lines,restoring lines and hybrid cotton by "three lines",cytological and biochemical character of anther from cytoplasmic male sterile line,molecular mechanism of cytoplasmic male sterility,genetic effects of male sterile cytoplasm on lint yield and its components of hybrid F1 were introduced clearly.Types of fertility restorer lines for cytoplasmic male sterility,inheritance pattern of fertility restoration,interactive effects between restorer genes and fertility enhancer gene,linkage between restorer genes and genetic markers were explained in details.The reasons for slow advance in hybrid cotton by "three lines" were analyzed.Further studies in the future were also discussed.