超级稻Ⅱ优航2号超高产栽培技术探讨

通过设计基蘖肥与穗肥的不同施氮比例，对超级稻Ⅱ优航2号的超高产栽培技术进行了分析研究，结果表明：（1）超高产栽培水稻总颖花数的增加主要在于每穗粒数的增多，超高产栽培水稻产量的显著提高主要是库容量的显著扩大。（2）超高产栽培水稻群体无效分蘖和无效叶面积少，群体源库协调。（3）超高产栽培水稻根系活力、光合能力在孕穗期、齐穗期均高于普通高产栽培水稻，超高产栽培有利于水稻生育中后期有机物的积累。因此超级稻超高产栽培的主要技术途径是：（1）在一定穗数基础上，通过主攻大穗扩大库容；（2）培养健壮个体，减少无效分蘖，提高分蘖成穗率和粒叶比，协调源库关系；（3）提高根系活力和净光合速率。

Study on Cultivation Techniques for Super-high Yield of Super Rice Ⅱ Youhang 2

Through designing the nitrogen ratio of basal - tiller fertilizer to panicle fertilizer, the cultivation techniques for super - high yield of super rice Ⅱ Youhang 2 were studied. The results indicated that： （1） In super - high - fielding cultivation, the increase of total spikelets was mainly dependent on the increase of grains per spike, the significant increase of yield was mainly attributed to the significant enlargement of the sink size; （2） Ineffective tillers and ineffective leaf area were decreased under the cultivation for super - high yield of rice, which contributed to the coordination between sink and source ; （3） Root activity and photosynthetic capacity of rice at booting and full heading stages under super - high - yielding cultivation were significantly higher than those under normal - high - yielding cultivation. Super - high - yielding cultivation was benefit to the accumulation of organic matter at the middle and later growth stages of rice. So the main approaches to realize super - high yield of super rice were summarized as follows ： （1） Enlarging sink size through increasing the grains per spike on the basis of stabling spikes per unit area; （2） Coordinating source - sink relationship through cultivating healthy and strong individual plants, decreasing ineffective tillers, and increasing the percentage of productive tillers and grain - leaf ratio; （3） Increasing root activity and net photosynthetic rate.