南酸枣地理种源幼林生长性状变异和种源选择

对来自8个省(区)的25个南酸枣种源在浙江余杭和福建邵武进行了造林试验。4年生幼林的生长结果表明,南酸枣的树高、胸径、分叉高和分叉数4个性状在种源间均存在极显著差异,且树高和胸径在2地点均有中等以上广义遗传力;树高、胸径和分叉高3个生长性状在不同立地条件下也表现出极显著差异;并且种源与地点间交互效应达极显著水平;邵武点树高、胸径和分叉高与种源地理纬度间均呈极显著负相关,与经度则未表现出显著负相关,而分叉数与种源地理经度、纬度间以及与树高、胸径和分叉高间均未表现出显著的相关。余杭点则只有胸径与经度刚达显著相关,树高、胸径与种源地理纬度以及树高与经度均未达显著负相关。根据树高和胸径,采用独立选择法初选出上犹、乐昌、贺州3个在2地点幼林期均表现较速生和在邵武点表现突出的容县种源,并采用系统聚类法初步将种源划分为2个大区:亚热带中南部速生种源区和亚热带中北部生长相对较慢种源区。

A Study on Variation of Growing Traits of Young Choerospondias axillaris Forest in Its Geographic Provenances and Its Provenance selection

An affforestation trial of Choerospondias axillaris containing 25 provenances collected from 8 provinces(zones) was conducted in Yuhang,Zhejiang Province and Shaowu,Fujian Province.The results of 4-year young forest showed: there were significant differences in the 4 traits,namely,tree height,breast height diamater,divarication height and divarication number of Choerospondias axillaris provenances,and the broad heritability of tree height and breast height diamater was above the middle level.There were significant differences in the 3 traits,namely,tree height,breast height diamater and divarication height under different sites.The provenance-site interactions showed extremely significant differences.The tree height,breast height diamater and divarication height had significantly negative relation to latitude of the provenances,but they had no significant negative relation to longitude of the provenances,the divarication number had no significant relation to latitude and longitude of the provenaces and to tree height,breast height diamater,divarication height in Shaowu.The breast height diamater had significant negative relation to longitude of the provenances only,the tree height and breast height diamater had no significant negative relation to latitude of the provenances,the tree height had no significant negative relation to longitude of the seedlots in Yuhang.4 quick-growing provenances were selected according to the growing traits of the young forests,they are Hezhou,Rongxian in Guangxi(the provenance of Rongxian was applied in Shaowu only),Shangyou in Jiangxi,Lechang in Guangdong.2 provenance zones were divided by system cluster,they are quick-growing provenance zone in the middle south-subtropical zone and slow-growing provenance zone in the middle north-subtropical zone.