论农业生态学及其发展趋势

农业生态学是研究农业生物与农业环境之间相互关系及其作用机理和变化规律的农业应用学科。它在促进农业可持续发展等方面起着基础作用、综合作用、带动作用、关键作用和渗透作用。农业生态学的发展经历了萌芽期、产生期、发展期 ,目前已迈入完善期。新世纪农业生态学应朝着以下方面发展 :(1 )研究方法上 ,加强实验研究 ;(2 )实践应用上 ,强调实用性和可操作性 ;(3 )理论研究上 ,深化农业应用基础研究 ;(4 )技术体系上 ,突出系统性、完整性和创新性 ;(5 )硬件建设上 ,加大投入力度 ;(6)软件环境上 ,加强农业生态教育、增强生态意识、提高生态素质 ;(7)人才培养上 ,大力培养具有创新意识和实践能力的复合人才。

Views on Agricultural Ecology and Its Developing Trend

Agricultural ecology is an applied branch of learning about the interrelation, interactive mechanism and variational laws between agricultural biology and agricultural environment. It plays the basic role, comprehensive role, impulsive role, key role and infiltrating role in promoting the sustainable development of agriculture. Having experienced its sprouting, forming and developing phases, agricultural ecology has now come into its consummate phase. In the new century, agricultural ecology should develop in the following aspects: (1)strengthening experimental research in research approaches; (2)emphasizing applicability and operability; (3)deepening the exploration of the basis of agricultural application in theoretical research; (4)stressing systematicness and comprehensiveness in the technological system; (5)increasing investment in hardware building; (6)improving the education of agricultural ecology, enhancing ecological sense and raising ecological quality in the software environment; (7)going all out to nurture multi-ability personnel with creative power and practical ability.