紫黑吸水链霉菌Streptomyces violaceoniger-hygroscopicus发酵代谢产物对几种常见果蔬病原菌的拮抗活性

从南昌地区不同土质中采得约300份土样，用平板分离法筛选得到8株放线菌，经分类鉴定，其形态，培养特性，生理生化特性与紫黑吸水链霉菌形似，命名为紫黑吸水链霉菌Streptomyces violaceoniger-hygroscopticus。用其发酵液对果蔬病原真菌-青椒疫霉病菌Phytophthora capsici，番茄灰病菌Botrytis cinerea，黄瓜枯萎病菌Fusarium oxysporum，f.sp．cucumerinum，黄瓜灰霉病菌Botrytis cinerea Pers，苹果黑星病菌Venturia inaeualis，白菜黑斑病菌Alternaria brassicae等进行拮抗实验研究，结果表明有2株菌株的发酵液对青椒疫霉病菌有明显的抑制作用，1株对黄瓜枯萎病菌有较好的抑制作用，1株对番茄灰霉病菌有一定的抑制效果。

Antagonistic Activity of Metabolite on Several Important Pathogens of Vegetable - fruit by Streptomyces violaceoniger - hygroscopicus Fermentation

Eight strains of Actinomycetes were isolated from 300 soil samples, which were sampled from different places in Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, by plate-separation method. Through identification, these isolated strains are very similar to streptomyces hygroscopicus in shape, culture feature, physiological and biochemical characteristics. So these strains are named as Streptomyces violaceoniger-hygroscopicus S-1, S-2, S-3, S-4, S-5, S-6, S-7 and S-8. Antagonistic activity of their fermentation metabolite was tested against several important pathogens of vegetable-fruit including Phytophthora capsici, Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium oxy-Sporum f.sp.cucumerinum, Botrytis cinerea pers, Verturiainaeualis, Alternaria brassicae. etc. The results of the experimentation showed that of the 8 strains, two were found to have strong antagonistic activity against paytophthora capsici, one against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cucumerinum, and one against botrytis cinerea effectively.