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黑龙江省主要栽培的豆科牧草对奶牛的营养价值评价
引用本文:张永根,王志博,宋平,李志明.黑龙江省主要栽培的豆科牧草对奶牛的营养价值评价[J].东北农业大学学报,2006,37(3):333-339.
作者姓名:张永根  王志博  宋平  李志明
作者单位:东北农业大学动物科技学院,黑龙江,哈尔滨,150030
基金项目:黑龙江省科技厅科技攻关项目
摘    要:对常见的14种豆科牧草的常规营养成份测定及用尼龙袋法测定的干物质在瘤胃72 h降解率(RD-MD)的测定。结果表明,用营养成份和RDMD等指标进行评定,豆科牧草以蔓生野生大豆和无蔓野生大豆(Glycine max L.)的营养价值最高,全能苜蓿、草原2号苜蓿、直立黄花苜蓿(Astragalus adsurgens)和胖多苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.)次之。沙打旺(Astragalus adsurgens)、图牧2号苜蓿、草原1号苜蓿居中,大叶苜蓿、黄花草木樨(Melilotus officinalis L.)和特克苜蓿RDMD最低。2)豆科牧草RDMD与CP含量呈极显著正相关(P<0.001)。利用回归方程可以用CP来预测豆科牧草的RDMD。3)应用DMI、NE估测模型计算了各种豆科牧草的GI值并参照豆科牧草质量分级标准对本研究测定的豆科牧草等级进行划分,属于特级的有无蔓野生大豆,属于一级的有全能苜蓿、属于二级的有草原2号苜蓿,属于三级的依次有野生大豆(蔓生)、草原1号苜蓿、胖多苜蓿、日本紫花苜蓿、图牧2号苜蓿、直立黄花苜蓿和沙打旺。属于四级的有特克苜蓿、大叶苜蓿和黄花草木樨。4)用单一的营养指标如化学成分、干物质降解率均不能准确地评价牧草的营养价值。只有综合考虑DMI、养分含量、消化率和有效能才能对牧草的营养价值做出正确的评价。

关 键 词:豆科牧草  奶牛  营养价值
文章编号:1005-9369(2006)03-0333-07
收稿时间:2005-10-25
修稿时间:2005年10月25

Nutritive evaluation of common cultivated forage crop for dairy cattle in Heilongjiang Province
ZHANG Yonggen,WANG Zhibo,SONG Ping,LI Zhiming.Nutritive evaluation of common cultivated forage crop for dairy cattle in Heilongjiang Province[J].Journal of Northeast Agricultural University,2006,37(3):333-339.
Authors:ZHANG Yonggen  WANG Zhibo  SONG Ping  LI Zhiming
Institution:College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, PRC
Abstract:The study was conducted to determine chemical composition and 72 hours dry matter degradability of 14 variety of common cultivated grass by nylon bag method with objective of evaluating nutritional value of grass for dairy cattle.The results showed: in terms of chemical composition and ruminal dry matter degradability(RDMD),rampant wild-soybean(Glycine max L.) and wild soybean had highest nutritional value of all legume grass,and almighty alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.),No.2 grassland alfalfa,sickle alfalfa(Medicago falcata L.) and Pangduo alfalfa were second to wild soybean,erect milkvetch(Astragalus adsurgens),No.2 Tumu alfalfa,No.1 grassland alfalfa were medium.Large-leaf alfalfa,yellow sweetclover(Melilotus officinalis L.) and teke alfalfa were the lowest.There was significantly positive correlation between RDMD and CP content in legumes(P<0.001).Ruminal dry matter degradability(RDMD) of legume hay can be predicted content by the regression equation in which CP content was an independent variable.Grading index of various legume forages were estimated by using DMI and NE prediction model.The present research classed these forages into five categories according to GI value as follows.wild soybean was excellent grade,almighty alfalfa was very good grade,No.2 grassland alfalfa was good grade,rampant wild-soybean,No.1 grassland alfalfa,Pangdu alfalfa,Japanese alfalfa,No.2 tumu alfalfa,erect sickle alfalfa and erect milkvetch were fair grade,teke alfalfa,large-leaf alfalfa and yellow sweetclover were poor grade.It is impossible to precisely evaluate nutritional value of forage using single index(for example,chemical composition,dry matter degradability).As long as DMI,nutrient content,digestibility and available energy were together taken into account,evaluation of forage with precision is possible.Differentiation of a variety of forage with minor nutrient discrepancy by using GI can indicate that GI is an authoritative index evaluating forage quality.
Keywords:forage  dairy cattle  nutritional value
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