低温和VC对笼养育成蛋鸭生产性能及性成熟的影响

本试验旨在研究低温和维生素C(VC)对育成期(12~17周龄)笼养蛋鸭生产性能及性成熟的影响。选取12周龄金定鸭216只,采用两因素有重复试验设计,随机分配到低温和适温下的3个VC处理组(0、200和800mg·kg-)1中,每个处理6个重复,每个重复6只试鸭。结果表明,温度使日采食量和饲料转化率极显著升高,日增重极显著降低(P<0.01),VC对日增重、日采食量、饲料转化率影响不显著(P>0.05);温度对血清促卵泡生成激素(FSH)、血清促黄体生成激素(LH)、血清雌二醇(E2)、孕酮(P4)的影响差异极显著(P<0.01),VC对它们的影响差异不显著(P<0.05);温度对输卵管相对重量影响不显著,对卵巢相对重量和输卵管相对长度影响极显著(P<0.01);VC对卵巢、输卵管相对重量和输卵管相对长度影响均不显著(P<0.05)。200mg·kg-1VC能有效地调节低温对激素水平的影响,使其与正常生理水平相接近,可减缓低温对性发育造成的不良影响。

Effects of cold stress and vitamin C on growth performance and sexual maturity of laying ducks of growing period in cage

The experiment was conducted to study the effects of cold stress and vitamin C on production performance and sexual maturity in young laying ducks(12-17 weeks old) in cage. Two factors (temperature ×VC) interactive experimental design was used in the experiment. Total 216 12-week-old Jinding ducks were assigned randomly to three low temperature treatments and three normal temperature treatments (six replicates for each treatment, six ducks for each replicate), three diets with different vitamin levels (0, 200 and 800 mg·kg-1). The result showed that in cold temperature, feed intake and feed conversion ratio very significantly increased(P<0.01), while daily increasing weight very significantly decreased (P<0.01). Vitamin C levels had no significant effect on daily increasing weight, feed intake, feed conversion ratio (P>0.05); the cold stress had significant effect on serum FSH, LH, E2, P4(P<0.01), vitamin C had no significant effect on serum FSH, LH, E2, P4(P>0.05); the cold stress had no significant effect on oviduct weight, while it had significant effect on ovary weight and oviduct length (P<0.01). Vitamin C had no significant effect on ovary weight, oviduct weight, oviduct length (P>0.05). Under the condition of the experiment, vitamin C level(200 mg·kg-1) could effectively adjust effects of cold stress on hormone levels to make them be approximate to normal physiology standard, and reduce adverse effects of cold stress on gonad development.