复合微生物制剂对猪生产性能、免疫功能和肉质影响

试验选取27日龄断奶仔猪(长白×大白)72头,随机分为3组,分别为空白对照组(不含抗生素的基础饲粮),抗生素组(基础饲粮+抗生素),微生物制剂组(基础饲粮+微生物制剂),每组4个重复,每个重复6头猪,饲养至出栏。试验结果表明,(1)仔猪阶段,微生物制剂组仔猪腹泻率极显著低于空白对照组和抗生素组(P0.01),平均日采食量、平均日增重与料肉比各组之间差异不显著(P0.05)。肥育猪阶段,抗生素组猪平均日增重显著高于空白对照组(P0.05),微生物制剂组与其他两组之间差异不显著。抗生素组平均日采食量极显著高于微生物制剂组和空白对照组(P0.01)。微生物制剂组和抗生素组体重显著高于空白对照组(P0.05)。3组之间料肉比差异不显著(P0.05)。整个试验阶段,抗生素组平均日增重显著高于空白对照组(P0.05),微生物制剂组与其他两组差异不显著。微生物制剂组和抗生素组平均重差异不显著(P0.05),但均显著高于空白对照组(P0.05)。3组料肉比差异不显著(P0.05)。(2)仔猪阶段微生物制剂组仔猪血液中碱性磷酸酶含量显著高于抗生素组(P0.05),其余血液生化指标各组间差异不显著(P0.05)。肥育猪阶段,各组间血液生化指标差异不显著。(3)微生物制剂组仔猪空肠黏膜中SIgA含量极显著高于抗生素组(P0.01),与空白对照组之间差异不显著(P0.05)。微生物制剂组空肠黏膜中IgG含量极显著高于抗生素组和空白对照组(P0.01)。微生物制剂组空肠黏膜中IL-1含量极显著高于空白对照组(P0.01)。(4)微生物制剂组和抗生素组胴体重显著高于空白对照组(P0.05),微生物制剂和抗生素组两组之间差异不显著(P0.05),其余3组肉质指标差异均不显著(P0.05)。结果表明,添加复合微生物制剂可降低仔猪腹泻率,提高仔猪免疫能力,对猪肉品质无显著影响。研究为复合微生物制剂替代抗生素应用奠定基础。

Effect of compound probiotics on pig microorganism preparation,immune function and meat quality

Seventy-two pigs (Landrace*Large white) were divided into three dietary groups (four replication per group and six pigs in each replication),compound probiotics group (basal diet with probiotic preparation 0.5％),blank control group (basal diet without antibiotic),antibiotic group(basal diet with antibiotic).Results showed that ① the diarrhea rate of compound probiotics group were significant lower than blank control group and antibiotic group (P＜0.01),the production performance among three groups were not significant (P＞0.05).During the second stage of the experiment,ADG of antibiotic group were significant higher than the blank control group (P＜0.05),while the compound probiotics group were not significant compare with the other two groups (P＞0.05).ADFI of antibiotic group were significant higher than another two groups.The weight of both compound probiotics group and antibiotic group were significant higher than the blank control group (P＜0.05),while there were rio significant between compound probiotics group and antibiotic group (P＞0.05).F/G among the three groups were not significant (P＞0.05).During the full stage of the experiment,ADG of antibiotic group was significant higher than the blank control group (P＜0.05),while the compound probiotics group was not significant compare with the other two groups (P＞0.05).F/G among the three groups were not significant (P＞0.05).② Compared with antibiotic group the compound probiotics could significant increase AKP concentrations of plasma (P＞0.05).The other plasma biochemical indicators were not significant among three groups.③ SIgA concentrations of jejunum mucous membrane of compound probiotics group were significant higher compared with antibiotic group (P＜0.01),while there were no significant between compound probiotics group and blank control group (P＞0.05).The IgG concentrations of jejunum mucous membrane of compound probiotics group was significant higher than another two groups (P＜0.01).IL-1 concentrations of jejunum mucous membrane of compound probiotics group were significant higher than blank control group (P＜0.01).④ The carcass weight of compound probiotics group and antibiotic group were significant higher than blank control group(P＜0.05),and no significant differences were observed on the meat quality indexes among the three groups,such as the drip loss,the shear force and the slaughter rate (P＞0.05).The results showed that compound probiotics could improve the performance of pig and improve the immune ability of pig,and had no significant effect on the pork quality.The study provided the basis for the replace of the antibiotic by compound probiotics.