利用辐射诱发的染色体畸变选育大豆易位系的初探

以５种栽培大豆、４种半野生大豆、２种野生大豆为亲本配制６个杂交组合，对所获得的杂种Ｆ１及亲本以不同剂量Ｃ６０ｏ－γ射线照射，观察花粉母细胞减数分裂染色体行为的变化，特别是探讨诱变的染色体易位条件、频率及遗传效应，以期进行易位系的选育。结果表明，染色体发生易位的频率与基因重组成正相关，在一定范围内，与照射剂量成正比，辐射处理杂交种的易位频率较高，少数易位单株花粉育性低于５０％，具有易位系的特点。

A PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION ON SELECTION OE TRANSLOCATION LINES OF BREEDING SOYBEAN BY INDUCTION OF CHROMOSOME ABERRATION WITH RADIATION

Soybean parents from 2 wild,4 semi-wild and 5 cultivated lines were used to make sixcrosses.F1hybrids obstained and their parents were irradiated with C60o-γray of different doses,and the changes mere observed in the chrormosome behavior during meiosis of PMC.The conditions,frequency and genetic effects of chromosome translocation were speciclly investigevted in order to select the translocation lines.The results indicated that the rate of chromosome translocations was directolypropertional to the rate of gene recornbination,and to some extent,was proportional to the radiation dosage.The translocation rate was high among the irrdiated hybrids.A few plantsWith higher rate of trans location showed a pollen fertility of less than fifty per cent,a characteristic amomg the translocation lines.