戴云山黄山松群落乔木层主要种群生态位研究

运用系统聚类将戴云山黄山松群落29个调查样地划分为8个群丛类型。采用Levins指数、Shannon-Wiener指数、Pianka指数和Petraitis普遍生态位重叠指数计算群落乔木层主要种群的生态位宽度、生态位重叠和多种群生态位重叠,分析生态学意义。结果表明:在总群落中,黄山松生态位最宽,在群落中地位高,分布范围广;亮叶水青冈生态位最窄,与黄山松形成共建群落;总群落物种生态位宽度比各群丛大。各主要种群生态位重叠值普遍偏低,91.78%种对生态位重叠值在0-0.5之间波动。群丛Ⅶ的普遍生态位重叠值最高,群丛Ⅷ与群丛Ⅶ相似,说明该2群丛各物种在资源利用上共性较强;而群丛Ⅱ普遍生态位重叠值最小,群落中各物种资源利用共性最差,优势种的优势作用明显。

Niche of dominant populations in the arbor layer of Pinus taiwanensis Hayata community in Daiyun Mountain

29 investigated sample plots of Pinus taiwanensis community in Daiyun Mountain were divided into 8 associations by the appl1ication of system cluster analysis.The niche breadth,niche overlap of main dominant species and multi-species general overlap were measured by using a series of indices proposed by Levins,Shannon-Wiener,Pianka and Petraitis.Among the overall communities,niche breadth of P.taiwanensis was the widest,which showed that it had high status and wide distribution in the community;whereas the niche breadth of Fagus lucida which formed a community with P.taiwanensis was the narrowest.Niche breadth value of species in overall communities was more than that of different types of communities.Niche overlap values of dominant species were generally low with the exception of some individuals,of 91.78% species pairs fluctuated between 0 and 0.5.The general niche overlap of community Ⅶ was the highest,and community Ⅷ nearly the same,it showed species in both communities had high similarity in using resources;the general niche overlap of community Ⅱ was the smallest,which showed species in the community had low similarity in using resources and the dominant species had a significant effect.